Overriders

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The Überreiter , also Überreuter or Überraiter , were special police forces to prevent smuggling and theft of monopoly goods. They were authorized to search and inspect goods. The badly paid overriders were at the lowest level of the civil service ; Their main income was the denunciation part of confiscations and fines. As a result, the overriders not only had an extremely bad reputation among their subjects ; They were also not popular with basic rulers as a result of overstepping competencies and interfering with the lower courts.

Examples

  • In the Electorate of Bavaria , the Schrobenhausen merchant Johann Senser, who leased the sovereign tobacco shelf in Tabak-Appalto from 1678, tied 46 tobacco overriders . These were mainly stationed in the border towns and guarded the local tobacco factories and deficits. In addition to preventing smuggling, the tobacco overriders were also used by Senser to monitor and transport sales of domestic tobacco. In 1692 the tobacco riders were paid with 2 florins a week , the wages of the mounted men were 200 florins a year. In contrast to their official title, only a small number of the tobacco riders were mounted.
  • In 1683, when the cobalt patent was tightened , two cobalt overriders were deployed in the Electorate of Saxony . Their number was later increased so that each of the mining offices with cobalt mining had at least one cobalt overriders. In 1800 the mining offices of Annaberg and Johanngeorgenstadt each had one, and the mining office of Schneeberg had two cobalt overriders. The number of four cobalt crossers was retained until the middle of the 19th century, although the refilling of the position at the Annaberg Mining Authority was questioned for a long time. The main task of the cobalt overriders was to prevent the theft and the [party egg] of cobalt ore and blue color products. Her competencies included a. the supervision of the cobalt mines including the visits of the departing crew, the supervision of the haulage routes, in particular the cross-border ones to Bohemia including the search of hauliers as well as house searches. The Kobaltüberreiter did their job in simple Steigerrock ; Uniforms based on the uniforms introduced for the Royal Saxon State Gendarmerie were viewed in 1853 by the Freiberg Mining Authority as not necessary. As a result of the unrest of 1848, the cobalt riders were armed with a rifle. The function of cobalt overriders was abolished by the General Mining Act of 1868.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Nadler: The taxed enjoyment: Tobacco and financial policy in Bavaria 1669-1802 . Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2007, p. 60 ff
  2. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv - Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden, 10036 Finanzarchiv, Loc. 36152, Rep. 09, Sect. 1, No. 2560 Renewal and tightening of the cobalt patent issued in 1672 and appointment of two cobalt overriders , 1683
  3. ^ State calendar of the Electorate of Saxony for the year 1800
  4. ^ Sächsisches Staatsarchiv - Bergarchiv Freiberg, 40001 Oberbergamt Freiberg, No. 2082 Kobaltüberreiter in the Obergebirge and Schneeberg as well as supervision of border traffic with mountain and hut products