Mining Authority Johanngeorgenstadt

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The mountain magazine shortly before the demolition

The Mining Authority Johanngeorgenstadt was a mining authority in the Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony . It was founded in 1662 and existed until 1856.

location

The limits of the Johanngeorgenstädter Berg (amts) revier formed the Great Ortsbach in the east and northeast from its source on the Saxon- Bohemian border to the mouth in the Schwarzwasser , the Schwarzwasser upstream to the mouth of the Steinbach and then up until it was demolished around 1680 Siegelschen Hammerwerk on Eibenstocker Strasse, from here following the 2nd central wing to the Bohemian border and back along this eastward to the Großer Ortsbach.

The mining area was expanded in the 18th century to include the previously independent mining districts of Schwarzenberg and Eibenstock , which, however, retained a certain degree of independence.

history

Mining on tin is documented as early as the 14th century. However, it only played a subordinate role, especially since the region was only sparsely populated. An intensification of mining began after 1654, when Johanngeorgenstadt was founded by the arrival of Bohemian exiles . As a result, intensive mining began , especially on the Fastenberg .

On the initiative of Abraham Wenzel Löbel , a mining office was set up in 1662, eight years after the city was founded, after Johanngeorgenstadt had already become "freye mining town" in 1656. In order to form the area, the Schwarzenberg and Eibenstock mountain areas had to cede areas. The Eibenstock Mining Authority brought in the areas west of the Schwarzwassers, in particular the mines on Fastenberg and Jugel . The areas east of the Schwarzwassers came from the Schwarzenberg Mining Authority , which had to cede areas for the formation of the mountain districts Gottesgab (1529) and Platten (1532), in particular the mines on the Rabenberg .

There was no separate mining office to handle the mining matters that occurred in the Johanngeorgenstädter Bergamtsrevier and to deposit the files, but the Bergmeister von Johanngeorgenstadt had to do this from his own apartment and deposit the files there. However, after the construction of the town hall in Johanngeorgenstadt was almost completed in 1671, the town council was asked by the mining chancellery in Dresden on July 7th to set up a miner's office in the town hall building that could be used by the mining officials.

In 1772, Elector Friedrich August ordered the amalgamation of the mining offices Schwarzenberg and Johanngeorgenstadt with their headquarters in Johanngeorgenstadt. This originally only temporary solution was confirmed seven years later. As the mining industry in West Erzgebirge continued to decline, and the mining authority Eibenstock was dissolved and in 1793 also struck as a sub-area of the Johann George townspeople station.

In 1856, the Johanngeorgenstadt Mining Authority was dissolved and, together with the Schneeberg Mining Authority, assigned to the re-established Schwarzenberg Mining Authority, which existed until a state mining authority was founded in 1869.

The Johanngeorgenstadt district committee was founded as early as 1851 to protect the rights and interests of all mine owners within the boundaries of the Johanngeorgenstadt mining district with Eibenstock and Schwarzenberg, thereby taking on the duties of the mining authorities. These changes were a direct consequence of the Shelf Mining Act of May 22, 1851 and the General Mining Act of June 16, 1868, with which the royal state gave up the centuries-old Bergregal and enforced civil trade freedom in mining. Between 1930 and 1933 the district associations of Johanngeorgenstadt, Schneeberg, Scheibenberg and Marienberg merged to form the Upper Mountain District Association.

Bergmeister

Surname Years of office Remarks
Abraham Wenzel Löbel 1662-1707 Son of the Bohemian exile Johann Löbel (1592–1666), who was Platten Bergmeister for 22 years and Johanngeorgenstädter Mayor from 1656 to 1666.
Paul Christoph Zeidler 1707-1729
Christian Salomon Zeidler 1729-1754
Christian Samuel Butz 1754-1769
Immanuel Heinrich Krippner 1769-1771
Christian Hieronymus Lommer 1771-1780 In 1768 he created a colored geological map . Later mountain master in Annaberg and Scheibenberg with Oberwiesenthal.
Carl Traugott Schmidt 1780-1792
Johann Christian Techelmann 1793-1799
Johann Carl Free Life 1799-1800
Johann Michael Böhme 1800-1815
Friedrich Gotthold Oelschlägel 1816-1824
Karl Gustav Adalbert von Weissenbach 1824-1825 Bergmeister in Freiberg from 1826 to 1836. From 1840 secret councilor in the Ministry of the Interior.
Wilhelm Fischer 1827-1835
Rudolph Hering 1835-1838 From 1838 miner of the Marienberg Mining Authority. Later director of the Royal Saxon Copper Hammer in Grünthal .
Anton Voss 1838-1845 From 1845 member of the state parliament . Fled to America for embezzlement.
Bernhard Ludwig Konstantin Braunsdorf 1845-1856 Subsequently worked as a mountain foreman in Freiberg and at the mining authority.

Geology and mining

The Johanngeorgenstädter Revier is characterized by the Eibenstock granite massif and the associated mineralization in the peripheral areas.

The pewter mining was the oldest and most persistent, first by pewter soaping and later as pewter aging. Iron ore mining is also very old, mainly in iron ore veins that stretch over several kilometers through the area. The main object of mining were the hydrothermal veins. Numerous pits on the Fastenberg provided steady yield for many years . At the beginning of the 19th century, the ore discoveries decreased. The following mining operation was characterized by the search for silver ores in the as yet undeveloped depths of the Fastenberg and the mining of Bismuter ores. The most intensive mining took place on uranium , when between 1946 and 1958 around 3770 t of uranium ore were extracted in object 01 of the AG / SDAG Wismut , but the landscape was permanently changed.

Others

The historic mining magazine , which was a candidate for the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Ore Mountains Mining Region , was torn down in November 2005 despite numerous protests, which among other things meant that the mining area around Johanngeorgenstadt was not included in the World Heritage nomination .

Individual evidence

  1. Engelschall, p. 93.

literature

Web links