Abri Reverdit
Coordinates: 44 ° 59 ′ 57 ″ N , 1 ° 6 ′ 4 ″ E
The Abri Reverdit is an archaeological archaeological site of the municipality of Sergeac in the French department of Dordogne . In addition to artefacts, it contains sculptures from the Upper Paleolithic .
Geographical location
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Not far west of Sergeac, a small side valley opens on the left bank of the Vézère , called Vallon des Roches or Vallon de Castelmerle . In this valley there are a total of 9 abrises and, alongside the immediate vicinity of Les Eyzies, it was undoubtedly one of the most densely populated areas during the Upper Paleolithic. The Abri Reverdit is on the left side of the valley of the Vallon des Roches, about 200 meters upstream from the confluence with the Vézère. In the immediate vicinity, further down the valley on the same side of the valley, namely Roc d'Acier , Abri Labattut and La Souquette .
history
The Abri Reverdit was discovered by Alain Reverdit in 1875. In 1878 he carried out the first excavations in the remaining archaeological deposits in the abri, which was then used as a stable, and then in 1879 with M. Hardy. Further excavations were carried out in 1909 by M. Castanet and in 1910 by L. Didon and Denis Peyrony . Between 1911 and 1914 F. Delage dug at the Abri Reverdit, but he mainly focused his attention on the upstream area. It was not until 1923 that M. Castanet noticed the sculptures on the ceiling of the abyss. In the same year they were drawn by Henri Breuil . A general scientific publication by F. Delage took until 1935 in coming. In the 1980s the Abri was examined intensively by D. Robin and A. Roussot.
description
The abri, which was eroded from the flat limestone of the Coniacium and open to the northeast, is 15 meters long, up to 5 meters deep and 3 meters high. The sculptures, executed as high and low relief, are located halfway up on the right side of the demolition, arranged in a horizontal frieze. Compared to the sculptures in the Abri of Cap Blanc, their state of preservation is rather poor, but the head of a wild horse (very indistinct), a 1 meter wild horse, a 0.7 × 1 meter bison (clear) and a recognize smaller, incomplete bison. The back line of a third bison is indicated. The left side of the abyss is covered by rubble that reaches up to the rock face. Excavations have shown several fire places here; At the very bottom was an oval fireplace, which was bordered by large river boulders.
Age
F. Delage was able to distinguish between two levels in the upstream area, separated by a layer of rubble, which he assigned - comparable to Cap Blanc - to Magdalenian III based on the artefacts . The Abri Reverdit was thus inhabited around 14,000 years ago BP . However, this age was not determined directly, but is based on analogous, dated finds in Laugerie-Haute (13,790 BP).
Finds
Chipped lime fragments with black and red paint residues suggest - similar to Cap Blanc - that the sculptures were once colored. There were also two plates that might have broken out of the sculpture (this assumption is not shared by all authors); on them you can see parts of the outline of two bison. There were also boulders with chiseled recesses ( French: cupules ) scattered about , while others had rings and groove-shaped incisions. Rings had also been made from the rock on the front edge of the roof. It can therefore be assumed that the people of that time sealed off their Abri with skins or skins against the weather: the skins were fastened to the upper rings with leather loops and stretched out on the floor with the perforated stones.
As in Cap Blanc, the artifacts in the Abri Reverdit also included unused flint pimple tips , which were obviously intended for further work on the sculptures. Also noteworthy are engraved river pebbles and limestone slabs.
The stone artefacts were scientifically examined by D. de Sonneville-Bordes in 1960 .
Some of the finds can now be viewed in the nearby Castelmerle Museum .
Monument historique
Since July 5, 1924 the Abri Reverdit Monument historique .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Clayet-Merle, J.-J., Madeleine, S. and Jugie, P .: À propos d'un bison gravé sur bloc de l'abri Reverdit à Sergeac (Dordogne) . In: Paléo, N ° 6 . 1994, p. 309-312 .
swell
- Delluc, B. & G., Roussot, A. & Roussot-Larroque, J .: Connaître la préhistoire en Périgord . Éditions SUD-OUEST, 1990, ISBN 2-87901-048-9 .
- Robin, D .: Sergeac, Castelmerle, Abri Reverdit . In: Gallia Préhistoire . 29, fasc. 2, 1986, p. 240-241 .
- Roussot, A .: Abri Reverdit . In: L'Art des Cavernes. Atlas des grottes ornées paléolithiques françaises . Ministère de la Culture, Imprimerie Nationale, Paris 1984, pp. 222-224 .