Avulsion fracture

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Classification according to ICD-10
T14 Injury to an unspecified part of the body
T14.2 Fracture of an unspecified part of the body
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

In the case of an avulsion fracture (also known as avulsion fracture ), a bone fragment has broken off due to excessive tension on a ligament or tendon . This is also called a "bony ligament tear" or "bony tendon tear". This bone fragment can often be brought back to its original place by screwing and grow there.

tendon

Torn tendons tend to cause little pain. By pulling the tendon, the fragments are at a distance, so they do not rub against each other even when the joint is stressed. It is possible to walk a long way on an avulsion fracture of the lateral ankle or to finish the current soccer game. The pain an injury causes is not a sure sign of how severe the injury is. Another typical avulsion fracture is a bony tendon avulsion of the extensor tendon on the distal phalanx. That happens easily if you stuff the bed sheet into the space between the bed box and the mattress, hence the popular name.

This becomes clinically important with injuries to the spine . In the event of the corresponding force ( whiplash , unsuccessful jump from the sports equipment during gymnastics , e.g. horizontal bar , balance beam , uneven bars or jumping ), the fibrous ring ( anulus fibrosus ) tears off together with a piece of the injured vertebra. This is often the case with hyperextension injuries, where the rear edge of the vertebra splinters and penetrates the vertebral canal .

See also

literature

  • Klaus Bohndorf, Herwig Imhof, Wolfgang Fischer: Radiological diagnosis of bones and joints . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-13-110982-3 , p. 127.
  • Gustav H. Engelhardt, Heinz G. Engelhardt (Hrsg.): Accident medicine: A guide for clinic and practice . Walter de Gruyter, 1998, ISBN 3-11-015096-4 , p. 343.
  • Arnold Jacobsen: Isolated avulsion fracture of the trochanter minor femoris . A contribution to sports injuries. In: Clinical weekly. 5 vol., No. 45. November 5, 1926.
  • Hanns-Peter Scharf, Axel Rüter, Tim Pohlemann, Ingo Marzi, Dieter Kohn, Klaus-Peter Günther: Orthopedics and trauma surgery: specialist knowledge according to the new training regulations . Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-437-24400-1 , pp. 859f.
  • Uwe Wegner: Sports injuries: symptoms, causes, therapy . Schlütersche Verlagbuchhandlung, 2002, ISBN 3-87706-632-1 , pp. 100f.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the problem of diagnosis and the possible sports-related avulsion fractures: Jürgen Freyschmidt: Skeletal Diseases : Clinical-radiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Springer, 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-45529-5 , pp. 79ff.
  2. ↑ Paul Brinkmann, Wolfgang Frobin, Gunnar Leivseth: Orthopedic Biomechanics. Georg Thieme Verlag 2000, ISBN 3-13-126631-7 , p. 184.