Johann Ernst von Thun and Hohenstein

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Johann Ernst Count of Thun and Hohenstein
Monument to Johann Ernst von Thun and Hohenstein in the Salzburg Cathedral

Johann Ernst Graf von Thun and Hohenstein , named the founder (born July 3, 1643 in Prague ; † April 20, 1709 in Salzburg ) was Bishop of Seckau from 1679–1687 and Prince Archbishop of Salzburg from 1687–1709 .

Life

Johann Ernst von Thun and Hohenstein was ordained a priest in 1677 and was elected Bishop of Seckau on December 29, 1679. The Archbishop of Salzburg, Maximilian Gandolph von Kuenburg , donated him his episcopal ordination the following year . With his election on June 30, 1687, he became the 58th Archbishop and at the same time 63rd Spiritual Regent of Salzburg.

Johann Ernst expanded Salzburg into a magnificent baroque city . By Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach he let the Kollegien- , Ursuline Church and Holy Trinity Church with the priest's house and Klessheim build. In addition to numerous smaller buildings, he bought the Salzburg Glockenspiel and had the Great Cathedral Organ built. He also laid the foundation stone for the construction of today's state hospital . The well-known spiral staircase in the cathedral, the Neue Türnitz , a former barracks near Mirabell Palace, the Marienbrunnen at today's Anton-Neumayr-Platz, the statues of the apostles Peter and Paul in front of the cathedral portal and the current shape of the carabinieri hall of the residence come from this archbishop . He had the Maria Kirchenthal pilgrimage church built near Lofer . Johann Ernst Thun also donated 70,000 guilders to the Virgilian Collegium, 12,000 guilders for the Siebenstädter Collegium and 100,000 guilders for the Ursuline School and the Order of St. Rupert.

During years of disputes over competence with the cathedral chapter , ultimately decided by Pope Innocent XII. , he asserted himself against the canons and consolidated his influence. In order to secure this influence in the future, he appointed Franz Anton Count von Harrach as coadjutor against the will of the cathedral chapter on October 19, 1705 , who then also became his successor after his death. There were also differences of opinion with the Bishop of Chiemsee and the Diocese of Passau , all of which Johann Ernst was also only able to decide for himself after a long period of turbulence. Secret Protestantism was severely persecuted in his countries .

Archbishop Johann Ernst left a human impression in dealing with the leaders of the Bavarian popular uprising . While the proceedings were being carried out by the Imperial Administration in Bavaria , he successfully campaigned for Emperor Joseph I for Mayor Franz Dürnhardt and the coppersmith Andreas Thanner von Braunau am Inn . He even accepted Johann Georg Meindl into his bodyguard. On the other hand, he had an antipathy for people from Romance countries, called "Welsche" . In a regulation from 1690, Savoy and Welsche were expressly excluded from citizenship. That was also the reason for Zuccalli's dismissal , who had to cancel the completion of the Kajetanerkirche and litigate with Johann Ernst for years.

Archbishop Thun's grave

Archbishop Thun was buried in the crypt of Salzburg Cathedral.

literature

  • Heinz Dopsch , Hans Spatzenegger (Ed.): History of Salzburg, City and Country, Volume 2, Part 1, Modern Times and Contemporary History. Pustet, Salzburg 1988, ISBN 3-7025-0243-2 .
  • Roswitha Juffinger, Christoph Brandhuber: Johann Ernst Graf von Thun (1643–1709). In: Roswitha Juffinger (ed.): Prince Archbishop Guidobald von Thun: A builder for the future. Salzburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-901443-32-9 , pp. 50-52.
  • Franz Ortner: Salzburg's bishops in the history of the country 696–2005. Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-631-53654-2 .

Web links

Commons : Johann Ernst von Thun  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Johann Ernst von Thun  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Breitinger / Kurt Weinkammer / Gerda Dohle: craftsmen, brewers, landlords and traders . Salzburg's commercial economy during Mozart's time, Salzburg 2009, p. 436.
predecessor Office successor
Wenzel Wilhelm von Hofkirchen Bishop of Seckau
1679–1687 		Rudolf Josef von Thun
Maximilian Gandolph von Kuenburg Archbishop of Salzburg
1687–1709 		Franz Anton von Harrach
personal data
SURNAME Thun and Hohenstein, Johann Ernst von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Thun and Hohenstein, Johann Ernst Graf von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince Archbishop of Salzburg (1687–1709)
DATE OF BIRTH July 3, 1643
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1709
Place of death Salzburg