Abū Mansūr al-Māturīdī

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Al-Maturidis burial shrine in Samarkand

Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud Abu Mansur as-Samarqandi al-Maturidi al-Hanafi ( Arabic محمد بن محمد بن محمود أبو منصور السمرقندي الماتريدي الحنفي, DMG Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd Abū Manṣūr as-Samarqandī al-Māturīdī al-Ḥanafī ) (* 893 in Samarkand , Uzbekistan ; † 941 ibid) was the founder of the so-called Maturidiyya theology.

Life

He was best known for his determined and passionate rejection of the Mu'tazila , whom he viewed as an apostate sect and its enemies. Maturidi was a religious scholar and belonged to the Hanafi school of law, so he rose to imam (and theologian) of this school of law in finer questions of faith, he studied in the city of Maturidi , near Samarkand . His teachers included Abu Nasr Ahmed ibn al-Abbas al-Iyadi, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Ishaq ibn Salih al-Juzdschani, Nusair ibn Yahya al-Balchi and Qadilqudat Muhammad ibn Mukatil ar-Razi.

Abu Nasr al-Iyadi was his friend and teacher, he was the student of Abu Sulayman Musa ibn Sulayman al-Juzdschani who in turn was the student of Abu Yusuf and ash-Shaybani , the so-called Hanafi al-Imamain (two imams).

Abu Mansur al-Maturidi wrote mainly works to refute the views of the Mu'tazila , Shiites and Qarmatians . With the exception of a few details, his theology is almost identical to that of Abu l-Hasan al-Ash'ari . Both are considered important scholars of Ilm al-Kalam . Hence, they are seen by their followers as great Mutakallimūn .

His most important works are the Kitāb at-Tawhīd . ( tr: Kitabül Tevhid) and the Tafsīr Ta'wīlāt Ahl as-Sunna .

Works

  • Kitāb at-tauḥīd (Book on Monotheism)
    • ed. F. Kholeif, Beirut 1970.
    • ed. B. Topaloglu / M. Aruçi, Ankara 2003.
  • Kitāb Radd Awāʾil al-Adilla li-l-Kaʿbī (Book on the Refutation of Mutazila)
  • Radd Tahḏīb al-Ǧadal li-l-Kaʿbī (another book on the refutation of the Mutazila)
  • Kitāb Bayān Auhām al-Muʿtazila (Book on the mistakes of the Mu'tazila )
  • Kitāb Taʾwīlāt al-Qurʾān (Book on the Interpretations of the Koran. Ibn Abi l-Wafa 'said about it: "This book has no equal. Actually no work among those who preceded him in this science is like it." )
  • Kitāb al-Maqālāt
  • Maʾāḫiḏ aš-Šarāʾiʿ (on the basics of Islamic legal teaching)
  • al-Ǧadal fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh
  • Radd al-Uṣūl al-Ḫamsa
  • Radd al-Imama (a rejection of the Shiite concept of the imamate)
  • ar-Radd ʿalā Uṣūl al-Qarāmiṭa
  • Radd Waʿīd al-Fussāq

literature

  • Ulrich Rudolph : Al-Māturīdī and Sunni Theology in Samarkand (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science; Vol. 30). Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden 1996, ISBN 90-04-10023-7 .
  • Manfred Götz : "Māturīdī and his Kitāb Ta'wīlāt al-Qur'ān", Der Islam , Volume 41, Issue 1 (Jan 1965), pp. 27-70; Online partial view .

See also

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Abū Mansūr al-Māturīdī
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmud Abu Mansur al-Samarqandi al-Maturidi al-Hanafi (full name); محمد بن محمد بن محمود أبو منصور السمرقندي الماتريدي الحنفي (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Islamic theologian
DATE OF BIRTH 893
PLACE OF BIRTH Samarkand , Uzbekistan
DATE OF DEATH 941
Place of death Samarkand , Uzbekistan