Acne neonatorum

Classification according to ICD-10
L70.4	Acne infantum
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

Acne neonatorum (synonym: newborn acne , baby acne , acne infantilis , infant acne ) refers to acne that manifests itself in newborns . Earlier, the term was mistakenly synonymous with the Pityrosporum folliculitis of the infant , also known as neonatal cephalic pustulosis used.

Epidemiology

Acne neonatorum can already exist before birth or develop in the first few weeks of life. It occurs in around 20 percent of newborns. Male newborns are mostly affected (male: female ratio is 4: 1).

Diagnosis

Acne neonatorum in infant (21 days old)

Those affected have non-inflammatory closed comedones on the cheeks, less often on the forehead and chin . With more severe diseases, open comedones, papules and pustules with pus are also present.

If the face of the newborn is only marked by papules and pustules, without comedones present, this indicates neonatal cephalic pustulosis .

Causes and course of the disease

Endocrine changes in the fetal period are discussed as a possible endogenous cause . Beta- hydroxy adrenal steroids may stimulate the sebum glands . In addition, acne neonatorum can in rare cases also be a symptom of adrenal hyperplasia in adrenogenital syndrome (21-hydroxylase deficiency).

One possible exogenous factor is maternal hormones that are supplied transplacentally or through breast milk .

Usually, newborn acne heals spontaneously without scars within three, rarely six months.

literature

H. Schulz: Acne - The right therapy for pimples and pustules. In: pediatrics up close. 06/2000, pp. 245-250, Urban & Vogel.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b C. Becker: Acne: pustules even in the smallest. In: Pharmaceutical newspaper. 04/2006, Govi-Verlag Pharmazeutischer Verlag. (Full text)
↑ ^a ^b C. E. Orfanos, C. Garbe: 16.9.1 Acne infantilis and Acne juvenilis. In: Therapy of skin diseases. 2nd Edition. Springer 2002, ISBN 3-540-41366-9 , pp. 396/397.
↑ P. Altmeyer, M. Bacharach-Buhles: Pityrosporum folliculitis of the infant. In: dermatology, venereology, allergology, environmental medicine. Springer 2008. (full text)
^ D. Reinhardt: Acne neonatorum. In: Therapy of diseases in childhood and adolescence. 8th edition. Springer 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-71898-7 , p. 1489.
↑ H. Schulz: Acne. The right therapy for pimples and pustules. In: pediatrics up close. 6, 2000, pp. 245-250, Urban & Vogel.
↑ Bernard A. Cohen: Dermatological Diseases of the Newborn - Acne. In: Pediatric Dermatology. Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-24250-2 , p. 24.

[Becker-1] C. Becker: Acne: pustules even in the smallest. In: Pharmaceutical newspaper. 04/2006, Govi-Verlag Pharmazeutischer Verlag. (Full text)

[orfanos-2] C. E. Orfanos, C. Garbe: 16.9.1 Acne infantilis and Acne juvenilis. In: Therapy of skin diseases. 2nd Edition. Springer 2002, ISBN 3-540-41366-9 , pp. 396/397.

[follikulitis-3] P. Altmeyer, M. Bacharach-Buhles: Pityrosporum folliculitis of the infant. In: dermatology, venereology, allergology, environmental medicine. Springer 2008. (full text)

[Reinhardt-4] D. Reinhardt: Acne neonatorum. In: Therapy of diseases in childhood and adolescence. 8th edition. Springer 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-71898-7 , p. 1489.

[schulz-5] H. Schulz: Acne. The right therapy for pimples and pustules. In: pediatrics up close. 6, 2000, pp. 245-250, Urban & Vogel.

[cohen-6] Bernard A. Cohen: Dermatological Diseases of the Newborn - Acne. In: Pediatric Dermatology. Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-24250-2 , p. 24.