Adensen (noble family)

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The noble lords of Adensen (also Adenssen, Adenoys) named themselves after the village of Adensen , today part of the municipality of Nordstemmen . In the early Middle Ages, Adensen was the southernmost town in the Marstemgau , on the Haller River, which formed the border with Gudingo. In the Middle Ages the Adenoys family called and wrote itself. The independent rule was relatively small (55 square kilometers), but an independent territory from the start. It was created after the Billunger died out and the Marstem Gaus was broken up. The von Adensen were among the oldest class of noblemen in Saxony and enjoyed a correspondingly high reputation. With the death of Friedrich, the male line died out in 1325.

Family history

The first family member mentioned in a document was Dietrich I (Theodericus), nobleman of Adenessen (Adensen / Adenoys), who documented between 1120 and 1140. Together with his nephew, Count Wilbrand I von Loccum-Hallermund , Dietrich von Adenoys founded Loccum Monastery . His wife was a daughter of Count Burchard I von Loccum , Dietrich his son-in-law. Because of the different spelling of the family name and the memorial stone from the second half of the 13th century, von Alten and Ahrens expressed doubts about the marriage between Dietrich I von Adensen and the Counts of Loccum-Hallermund and his status as a co-founder of Loccum Monastery. However, the evaluation of the sources available today for the two houses of von Adensen and von Hallermund, who were married several times by marriage, confirms von Spilcker's and von Hodenberg's account.

The presumed son of Dietrich I, Dietrich II von Adenoys, was one of the participants in the second Livonia voyage, a crusade to conquer the Baltic States. There Dietrich fought together with his relatives, Count Ludolf II of Hallermund- Loccum and Dietrich II of Werder-Emne. He witnessed the important document of October 4th, 1209, in which Bishop Albert von Buxthoeven received the oath to King Visvaldis (Vissewalde) of Jersika after the conquest of his kingdom by the crusader army : “Testes hujus rei sunt: ​​Johannes prepositus Rigensis ecclesie cum suis canonicis, comes Ludolphus de Halremunt, comes Theodericus de Werthere, comes Heinricus de Sladen, Waltherus de Amerslewe, Theodericus de Adenoys; milites Christi Volquinus (from Naumburg zu Winterstätten) cum suis fratribus: Rudolphus de Jericho, Albertus de Aldenvlet, Heinricus de Glindenberch, Hildebertus de Gerimnde, Lambertus de Lunenborch, Theodericus de Wiphem, Gerlacus de Doln, Conradus de Ykescocole, Phylippus ”Riga . (Liv-, Est- und Curländisches Urkundenbuch, Nr. 15) In the year 1236 Dietrich von Adenoys returned again to Livonia to take part in the planned war against Lithuania. He was accompanied by Dietrich von Escherde, son of Hildesheim lawyer Lippold I von Escherde, founder of Escherde Monastery . Both knights were killed on September 22nd, 1236 in the murderous battle of Schaulen . The Volkwin von Naumburg zu Winterstätten mentioned in the document, who had led the order's army into battle as master master, was also slain during the battle. Because of this heavy defeat, the Brothers of the Sword Order had to merge with the Teutonic Order in 1237 and lost its independence. Dietrich II is documented as the father of the three brothers Dietrich III, Ewerwin and Johann I.

Johann's son, Johann II., Was married to the daughter of the Bremen feudal lord, the nobleman Friedrich von Grimmenberg, Gertrud. Two of the sons were high clergymen in the Diocese of Hildesheim, three of his four daughters made their actual careers. As the grandfather of Count Gerhard II von Hallermund, Johann II von Adenoys was his guardian until he came of age. In this capacity, he sold half of the County of Hallermund and Hallermund Castle of the same name to Duke Otto II in 1282 .

Adelheid von Adenoys (1262-1302) was with Count Wilbrand III. von Hallermund, whose grandfather Ludolf II. von Hallermund was the last of the family to serve in both counties. Gertrud von Adenoys (1291–1301) was married to Count Engelbert I von Everstein-Ohsen for the first time; in second marriage with the nobleman Lippold von Hohenbüchen-Rössing. Gisla von Adenoys (1282–1302) was married to the nobleman Ludwig II von Rosdorf , lord of the castle of Hardegsen.

Friedrich von Adenoys signed an inheritance contract with his nephew, Count Gerhard the Younger of Hallermund, in 1325, through which the remaining rule of Adenoys, Allode and Lehen was united with the county of Hallermund after his death and continued by this. This ended after around 200 years the independence of Adenoy's rule. The family died out with the nobleman Friedrich von Adenoys.

Descendant list

A. Dietrich I. (1120-1140) ⚭ NN von Loccum
B. Dietrich II. (1209-1236)
C1. Dietrich III. (1220-1270)
C2. Ewerwin (1220-1262)
C3. Johann I (1220-1251)
D1. Johann II. (1253–1304) ⚭ Gertrud von Grimmenberg
E1. Johann III. (1266-1324)
E2. Friedrich (1295-1325)
E3. Heinrich (1282)
E4. Adelheid (1262–1302) ⚭ Count Wilbrand III. from Hallermund
F1. Gerhard II of Hallermund
F2. Jutta von Hallermund ⚭ Count Johann II. Von Woldenberg
E5. Gertrud (1291–1301) ⚭ 1st Count Engelbert I of Everstein-Ohsen; ⚭ 2. Lippold von Hohenbüchen-Rössing
E6. Gis (e) la (1282– before 1302) ⚭ nobleman Ludwig II of Rosdorf, lord of the castle of Hardegsen
E7. Margaretha (1290-1325) nun in Gandersheim

literature

  • HL Ahrens: On the oldest history of the Loccum monastery in the journal of the historical association for Lower Saxony , 1872
  • Eberhard Curd von Alten: UB of the ageless sex von Alten , 1901
  • Ernst Bonell: Russian-Livonian Chronology Vol. 1 + 2, 1862
  • Wilhelm Havemann: History of the Lands of Braunschweig and Lüneburg , 1857
  • Wilhelm von Hodenberg in Calenberger Urkundenbuch, first section: Archives of the Barsinghausen Monastery, 1855, comments on document no.82
  • Karl Hopf: Historical-genealogical atlas , 1858
  • Wilhelm Kleeberg: Lower Saxony mill history , 1964
  • Johann Georg Leuckfeld: Antiquitates Michaelsteinenses , 1710
  • Heinrich Leo: The territories of the German Empire in the Middle Ages, Vol. 2, 1867
  • HWH Mithoff: Art monuments and antiquities in Hanover: Fürstenthum Calenberg Bd. 1, 1871
  • Monumenta Nobilitatis Antiquae , 1708
  • Origines Guelficae Vol. 5, 1780
  • Dieter Rüdebusch: The share of Lower Saxony in the crusades and pagan journeys , 1972
  • Burchard Christian von Spilcker: Contributions to the history of the noble lords of Adenoys , in Vaterländisches Archiv für Hannoversch-Braunschweigische Geschichte, born in 1833