Aero-derivative
An Aero-derivative ( English aero derivative , mutatis mutandis "derived from the aviation industry") is a gas turbine , which originally as a jet engine has been developed, but for use as a combustion engine (as driving a generator for power generation or other work machine has been redesigned). It can be used stationary (often in a gas turbine or combined cycle power plant ) or mobile (e.g. as a drive for a ship).
The thrust nozzle is omitted in the redesign; Instead, a low-pressure turbine is connected downstream, in which the exhaust gas is expanded to (almost) atmospheric pressure and in this case the useful power is transferred to the machine via a shaft . The low-pressure turbine can be arranged on a shaft with the high-pressure turbine (extension of the turbine by a low-pressure part) or on its own, separately mounted shaft. With dual-flow engines , the fan is replaced by a low-pressure compressor.
Advantages and disadvantages
From the engine origin, there are some specific advantages and disadvantages that distinguish aero-derivative gas turbines from gas turbines, which were designed as a power machine for stationary operation from the start (so-called frame or heavy-duty gas turbines):
- compact design, low weight, low wall thickness, very fast load gradients possible
- Machines are designed for open cycle and the efficiency is optimized for this operation, i.e. H. low exhaust gas temperature , less favorable for combined operation
- higher temperatures and pressures in the combustion chamber , as a result
- generally shorter service life of the parts in the hot gas path
- higher nitrogen oxide emissions
- Annular combustion chamber
- Restriction to services customary in aviation (<approx. 100 MW useful output); almost all aero-derivatives are industrial gas turbines .
providers
- General Electric
- Siemens
- SNECMA
- MAN Diesel & Turbo
- MTU Friedrichshafen / MTU Aero Engines
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (formerly Pratt & Whitney Power Systems)
literature
- Richard Doležal : Combined gas and steam power plants: construction and operation . Springer, 2000, ISBN 3-540-67526-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ H.-P. Schiffer: Thermal turbo machines: aeroderivatives. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on April 5, 2014 (lecture at TU Darmstadt, July 3, 2008). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )