Agenda for Peace
The Agenda for Peace was published in 1992 by the then Secretary-General of the United Nations, Boutros Boutros-Ghali . It puts conflict prevention in the foreground and thus reacts primarily to the changed situation in world politics (due to the end of the Cold War ). Measures such as humanitarian aid and preventive diplomacy are intended to prevent latent conflicts from breaking out . The establishment of the Department of Political Affairs (DPA) also goes back to the Agenda for Peace. This main department of the UN Secretariat has the task of observing political developments all over the world in order to be able to give early warning of impending conflicts.
Levels of action
The Agenda for Peace is a reform of peacekeeping. It consists of four levels of action: The preventive diplomacy ( preventive diplomacy ), the peacemaking or peace enforcement ( peacemaking, peace enforcement ), the peacekeeping ( peace-keeping ) and the Peacebuilding ( post-conflict peacebuilding ).
Preventive diplomacy
medium
- Diplomatic talks / confidence-building measures
- Early warning systems (early warning of voltage)
- formal fact-finding
- preventive deployment of UN troops
- precautionary establishment of demilitarized zones
Third parties as witnesses
aims
- Prevent disputes from arising
- Prevent the outbreak of rising conflicts
- Quickly limit any conflicts that have broken out
Peacemaking
medium
- Peaceful Means: Mediation; Negotiations; Arbitration award ; Decisions by the international court of justice
- Nonviolent sanctions: economic and traffic blockades; Breaking off relationships
- Peace enforcement: Specially trained armed UN troops that are always on call
- Military force: To maintain / restore world peace and security when all peaceful means fail.
target
- To bring the hostile parties to an agreement after a conflict has broken out.
Peacekeeping
medium
- Sending observer missions
- Use of UN troops to:
- Investigation of border violations;
- Border control ;
- Observation of elections ;
- Monitoring of ceasefire and peace agreements ;
- Creation of a buffer zone between opposing powers;
- Perception of police tasks;
- Securing humanitarian action; etc.
- comprehensive conflict management
target
- Defuse and stabilize the situation in a conflict zone
- Monitor and enforce compliance with agreements between the conflicting parties
Peacebuilding
medium
- After a conflict within a country:
- Disarming the hostile parties;
- Restoration of public order;
- Collecting the weapons ;
- Mine clearance ;
- Repatriation of refugees ;
- Training and advice for security forces;
- Election surveillance;
- Protection of human rights ;
- Reform or rebuilding of state institutions
- after an international war:
- Joint projects that serve economic and social development and strengthen mutual trust (agriculture, energy and water management, transport, etc.);
- Breaking down barriers between nations through cultural exchange, travel facilitation and joint youth and educational programs
target
- Consolidating peace after the end of a conflict
- Encouraging parties to the conflict to rebuild peacefully
Significance for today
By clarifying central terminology, the agenda has played a key role in shaping a new understanding of peacekeeping. It is still the conceptual framework for any reform efforts that is valid today.
literature
- Globalization, International Politics and Conflict Management . In: Buchner's thematic politics. CC Buchner Verlag.
Web links
- An Agenda for Peace of the United Nations
- Agenda for Peace
Individual evidence
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: UN doc. A / 47/277-S / 24111