al-Ashraf (Egypt)
Al-Malik al-Ashraf Muzaffar ad-Din Musa ( Arabic الملك الأشرف مظفر الدين موسى, DMG al-Malik al-Asraf Muẓaffar ad-Dīn Mūsā ; * in Cairo ; † after January 1254) was the last Sultan of Egypt from the Ayyubid dynasty .
His father was called Yusuf, who was a son of al-Mas'ud Yusuf († 1229), the last Ayyubid emir of Yemen , who in turn was a son of the sultan al-Kamil Muhammad . Al-Ashraf was born in Cairo at the court of his great-uncle, Sultan al-Salih Ayyub († 1249).
In May 1250, the Mamelukengarde against Sultan Turan Shah revolted and those murdered, ended in fact the rule of the Ayyubid in Egypt. First, the former harem slave, Schadschar ad-Durr , swung herself up to become sultana, but three months later she married Mameluk Aybak , who now became the ruling sultan. Aybak was not without controversy, however. The Mameluks of the Bahri regiment in particular openly opposed him, led by the emirs Faris ad-Din Aktay and Rukn ad-Din Baibars . Aybak was finally compelled by the Bahri-Mameluks in August 1250 to recognize al-Ashraf Musa as his fellow sultan.
Al-Ashraf Musa was a toddler at the time and had no real power. His sultanate was based solely on the military strength of the Emir Aktay, who himself became a competitor for rule in Egypt. In January 1254, Aktay was murdered on Aybak's orders and the Bahri regiment was crushed, ending the sultanate of al-Ashraf Musa. He himself was not killed by Aybak, but brought back to the harem according to the tradition of Abu l-Fida . His further fate is unknown.
He is not to be confused with al-Ashraf Musa (1229–1237), the Sultan of Syria.
swell
- Ibn Wāṣil : Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī Ayyūb , Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, ms. arabe 1703, fol. 95v-96r
- Ibn al-'Amīd, Kitāb al-majmū 'al-mubārak , ed. by Claude Cahen: La "Chronique des Ayyoubides" d'al-Makin b. al-'Amid , in: Bulletin d'Etudes Orientales de l'Institut Français de Damas 15 (1955–1957), p. 161
Web link
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Al-Ashraf |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | al-Malik al-Ashraf Muzaffar al-Din Musa |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Sultan of Egypt |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 13th Century |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cairo |
| DATE OF DEATH | after January 1254 |