Abu'l-Fida
Abu'l-Fida , also Ismail Abu'l-Feda ( Arabic أبو الفداء, DMG Abū l-Fidāʾ , Latin : Abulfeda , with full name Abu 'l-Fidā Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAlī al-Ayyūbī ad-Dimašqī al-Ḥamawī ; * 1273 in Damascus ; † October 27, 1331 in Hama ), was a Kurdish chronicler and geographer and Emir of Hama.
On the part of the Muslims, he documented some campaigns against the crusaders in his work Mukhtassar tarikh al-Bashar . In addition, he wrote other works on geography , medicine and botany .
He came from the Ayyubid dynasty , his father Ali was a son of the Lord of Hama, al-Muzaffar Mahmud († 1244). After the death of his cousin, al-Muzaffar Umar II († 1299/1300), Hama was placed under the direct rule of the Mameluke sultans of Egypt .
He was born and educated in Damascus. As a teenager he accompanied his father on campaigns by the Mameluks against the Crusader states in the Levant . Thus, at the age of twelve, he was present at the siege of the Johanniter Castle Margat in 1285 and at the age of sixteen in 1289 at the siege of Tripoli . At the siege of the last stronghold of the Crusaders, Akkon , he took part in 1291 in a contingent of the Emir Baibars al-Dewadar from Kerak . Later he took part in campaigns against the alliance of Mongols and Armenians in Cilicia . He was particularly popular with the Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad I , who appointed him governor in Hama in 1310. After he had undertaken a Hajj to Mecca with the Sultan in 1320 , he was appointed hereditary ruler of Hama and received the title of al-Malik al-Mu'ayyad . In Hama, Abu l-Fida built a mosque named after him in 1326, in which he was later buried and which is still preserved today.
After his death in 1331, his son al-Afdal Muhammad III. succeed under the protection of the Sultan as ruler of Hama. But when Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad died in 1341, the Ayyubid rule in Hama was finally ended by the new Sultan.
The lunar crater Abulfeda is named after him.
Works
- Mukhtasar ta'rikh al-bashar. A brief history of mankind, including a chronology of events up to 1329.
- Taquin al-buldan. (Geography), 1321.
- Christoph Rommel : Abulfedae Arabiae descriptio commentario perpetuo illustrata. Göttingen 1802. (Edition of the description of Arabia with a Latin commentary )
literature
- Helaine Selin (Ed.): Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non-western cultures. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1997, ISBN 0-7923-4066-3 .
Web links
- Brief biography and work description on muslimheritage.com Visited April 11, 2008
- Literature by and about Abu'l-Fida in the catalog of the German National Library
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Mamluk Sultanate |
Emir of Hama 1310-1331 |
al-Afdal Muhammad III. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Abu'l-Fida |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Abu l-Fida; Ismail Abu l-Feda, al-Malik al-Mu'ayyad Abu l-Fida |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Muslim chronicler, Lord von Hama |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1273 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Damascus |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 27, 1331 |
| Place of death | Hama |