Abū Saʿīd al-Jannābī
Abū Saʿīd al-Hasan ibn Bahrām al-Jannābī ( Arabic أبو سعيد الحسن بن بهرام الجنابي, DMG Abū Saʿīd al-Ḥasan ibn Bahrām al-Ǧannābī ; † 913 ) was an important Ismaili missionary and founder of the Qarmatian state in al-Ahsā ' and Bahrain .
Abu Sa'id al-Dschannābī was a follower of Ismailis and began at the end of the ninth century on behalf of Hamdan Qarmat with the mission in the southern coastal areas of the Persian Gulf (al-Hasa and Bahrain). He first settled in 886/7 as a flour trader in the city of al-Qatīf. There he received the support of the respected Sanbar family, who belonged to the Arab tribe of the Thaqīf. Three sons of the family - Hasan, whose daughter he married, ʿAlī and Hamdān - became his closest advisers and helpers. With the support of the Bedouin tribe of the Banū Kilāb he was able to conquer the cities of Qatīf, Zāra, Safwān, Zahran , al-Ahsā 'and Juwāthā by 899. He also led several campaigns to Sohar in Oman and occupied the city. However, he could not bring Oman under his rule permanently.
As in Iraq , there was a break with the Ismailis of Salamya in 899 , when Said ( Abdallah al-Mahdi ) revealed himself to be the real Imam. The Ismailis on the Gulf Coast continued to cling to the promised Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail . They were subsequently named Qarmatians after Hamdan Qarmat.
In the Rabiʿ ath-thani of the year 287 dH (April 900 AD) the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tadid bi-'llah appointed ʿAbbās ibn ʿAmr al-Ghanawī as governor of Bahrain and Yamāma and sent him with 2,000 men against Abū Saʿīd. He met him in Rajab 287 dH (= July 900 AD) at a salt lake in the desert near al-Qatīf, defeated him and took him and his people prisoner. While Abū Saʿīd was killing the other prisoners, he sent al-Ghanawī back to the caliph with the warning that he should never attack his territory again. In 912 Abū Saʿīd was even able to attack Basra .
According to al-Masʿūdī , Abū Saʿīd in Dhu l-qaʿda 300 (= June-July 913 AD) was in his bath in al-Ahsā 'by two Saqlabī - eunuchs whom he met in an attack on Badr Mahallī on his return Oman had captured, murdered. The two Sanbar sons Alī and Hamdān were also killed with him. The third brother al-Hasan survived the attack and initially took over the reign of Abū Sa Sīd's underage sons. With him, the Abbasids were able to reach a ceasefire in exchange for money and arms deliveries. 923 then came Abū Saʿīd's son Abu Tahir (923-944) to succeed him.
literature
- Heinz Halm : The Empire of the Mahdi. The rise of the Fatimids (875–973) . CH Beck, Munich, 1991. pp. 158-160.
- W. Madelung: Art. “Abū Saʿīd Jannābī” in Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol. I / 4, pp. 380–381. Online version
supporting documents
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jannābī, Abū Saʿīd al- |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Abu Sa'id al-Hasan ibn Bahram al-Jannabi; Al-Jannabi |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Missionary of the Ismailis and founder of the Qarmatian state in al-Hasa and Bahrain |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 9th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 913 |