al-Fa'iz
Abu 'l-Qasim Isa ibn az-Zafir ( Arabic أبو القاسم عيسى بن الزفير, DMG Abū 'l-Qāsim ʿĪsā ibn aẓ-Ẓāfir ; * May 31, 1149 ; † July 22, 1160 ) was under the ruler's name al-Fa'iz bi-nasri 'llah ( Arabic الفائز بنصر الله, DMG al-Fāʾiz bi-naṣri 'llāh ) the thirteenth caliph of the Fatimids (1154–1160) and twenty-third Imam of the Shia of the Hafizi Ismailis .
Life
On April 16, 1154, the day after the murder of his father, the caliph az-Zafir , Prince Isa, who was only five years old, was named caliph by the vizier Abbas under the throne name al-Fā „iz bi-naṣri 'llāh ("the one victorious with God's help") proclaimed. At the same time he had to watch as his uncles, Princes Yusuf and Jibril, were cruelly murdered by the vizier's soldiers. The shock he suffered was probably the cause of the epileptic seizures that he later observed and his chronic tremors. Shortly afterwards, the young caliph's aunts called the provincial governor Tala'i ibn Ruzzik as savior against the hated Abbas and his clan, who moved into Cairo on May 29, 1154 and was formally appointed the new vizier. He immediately repaid the murder of the caliph az-Zafir by arresting his murderer and publicly and cruelly tortured to death.
Under the rule of the twelve Shiite Tala'i, Ismaili Egypt was once again able to experience a brief phase of internal peace, which allowed it to take action against the Franks of the Kingdom of Jerusalem , against whose coastal cities several expeditions were made. The vizier also sought an alliance with the Zengids in Syria and the Byzantine emperor Manuel I. Komnenos . However, al-Fa'iz died at the age of eleven on July 22, 1160. The vizier Tala'i then chose the youngest of the other princes of the Fatimid dynasty as his successor, another grandson of the caliph al-Hafiz , whom he was enthroned under the name of al-Adid as his new puppet caliph. Al-Adid was supposed to be the last Fatimid ruler.
literature
- Heinz Halm : Caliphs and Assassins: Egypt and the Near East at the Time of the First Crusades 1074–1171. CH Beck, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-406-66163-1 .
- Ibn al-Athir : "The Perfect Chronicle" (Al-Kāmil fī 't-taʾrīḫ) . In: RHC, Historiens Orientaux . Volume 1 (1872), p. 493.
- Ibn Challikan : "The Death of Great Persons and the News of the Sons of Time" (Wafayāt al-aʿyān wa-Anbāʾ abnāʾ az-zamān) . In: William Mac Guckin de Slane (Ed.): Ibn Khallikan's biographical dictionary . Volume 2. 1843, pp. 425-427.
Individual evidence
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| az-Zafir |
Ruler of Egypt ( Fatimid Dynasty ) 1154–1160 |
al-ʿĀdid |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | al-Fa'iz |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Abu l-Qasim al-Fa'iz bi-Nasir Isa ibn az-Zafir |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | thirteenth caliph of the Fatimids (1154–1160) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 31, 1149 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 22, 1160 |