al-Kamil Muhammad

Al-Malik al-Kamil Nasir ad-Din Muhammad ( Arabic الملك الكامل نصیرالدین محمد, DMG al-Malik al-Kāmil Naṣīr ad-Dīn Muḥammad ; † April 7, 1260 ) was a prince of the Ayyubid dynasty and ruler of the Jazīra with the capital Maiyafariqin (Silvan) . He is occasionally called al-Kamil Muhammad II , in contrast to his uncle Sultan al-Kamil Muhammad of Egypt († 1238).

Al-Kamil succeeded his father al-Muzaffar Ghazi, who died in 1247, in rule over the Jazira, which had been threatened by the Mongols since the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243. In order to save his rule, he traveled to Karakorum in February 1253 to submit personally to the Great Khan Möngke . However, for reasons unknown, his submission was not accepted. When Hülegü began his conquest of Syria with an invasion force in 1258 , al-Kamil had to defend himself against it. After the fall of Baghdad , Maiyafariqin was also placed under siege that same year by a son of Hulegu. Al-Kamil was able to hold its own for almost two years until his city was finally stormed on April 7, 1260. He was captured by the Mongols and brutally executed.

literature

• Claude Cahen , La Djazira au milieu du treizième siècle d'après ʿIzz-ad Din Ibn Chaddâd, in: Revue des études islamiques, Vol. 8 (1934), pp. 109–128.
• Reuven Amitai-Preiss , Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War 1260–1281, (2005), pp. 21, 23.

predecessor	Office	successor
al-Muzaffar Ghazi	Ruler of Maiyafariqin (Jazira) 1247–1260	Conquest by the Mongols