al-Maghīlī
Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Maghīlī ( Arabic محمد بن عبد الكريم المَغِيلِي, DMG Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīmal-Maġīlī * approx. 1440; † approx. 1504) was a North African Muslim scholar .
He came from Tlemcen and distinguished himself by his classical training scholars quickly through his radical positions, which was also the reason probably why he before the Moroccan wattasid dynasty - Sultan in the remote oasis Touat fled. Here he stood out primarily because of his agitation against the local Jewish population, which he accused of violating the provisions of their Ḏimma contract and of having illegally built a synagogue . With these statements, however, he met with opposition from numerous scholars and after the entire Jewish population had been murdered in the riots in Tuwāt, which he provoked, al-Maġīlī probably had to flee again.
Thereupon he sat down in the Bilād as-Sūdān , where he first preached and taught in the area of the Hausa before he finally moved to Gao around 1500 and placed himself in the service of Askiya Muḥammad . Most famous is his writing in which he answers eight questions from Askiya Muḥammad. However, he did not find a majority for his radical positions even in the Songhairian Empire and met the distrust of the established scholars in Timbuktu .
When al-Maġīlī's son was murdered by Jews in Tuwāt, presumably in revenge for the pogrom provoked by his father , al-Maġīlī called for all Jews staying in Gao to be held in kin, which Askiya Muḥammad rejected and instead turned to the local scholars in Timbuktu . The loss of the ruler's favor probably contributed to the fact that al-Maġīlī left the Songhaire empire and died soon after in Tuwāt.
literature
- Batran, Abd al-Aziz Abdallah: A Contribution to the Biography of Shaikh Muḥammad Ibn Abd-Al-Karīm Ibn Muḥammad Al-Maghīlī , Al-Tilimsānī. In: The Journal of African History . Volume 14. Edition III. 1973. pp. 381-394.
- Hunwick, John. O .: Al-Maġīlī . In: Encyclopaedia of Islam² . Volume V. Leiden. 1986. pp. 1165-1166.
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Maghīlī, al- |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Maghīlī, Muḥammad al-; Maġīlī, Muḥammad al |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | muslim scholar |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1440 |
| DATE OF DEATH | around 1504 |
| Place of death | Tuwāt |