Albert Sybrandus Keverling Buisman
Albert Sybrandus Keverling Buisman , called Keverling Buisman, (born November 2, 1890 in Hardinxveld , † February 20, 1944 in Bandung ) was a Dutch civil engineer for geotechnical engineering. Buisman is considered to be the founder of scientific geotechnical engineering in the Netherlands.
He studied at the Technical University of Delft , where he obtained his degree in civil engineering in 1912 as the best of his class. In 1914 he went to the Indonesian colonies of the Netherlands for the construction company later called HBG (Hollandsche Beton Groep), where he also worked on basic construction tasks. After returning in 1919 he became a professor at the TU Delft. After the catastrophic railway accident at Weesp on September 13, 1918 after a slope slide, caused (as the investigative commission under C. Lelys found) by the rise in the groundwater after prolonged rainfall, research into soil mechanics was promoted in the Netherlands, which Buisman claims turned to time.
With his colleague Gerrit Hendrik van Mourik Broekman (1875-1948, hydraulic engineering professor in Delft) he was the founder of the foundation laboratory (Laboratorium voor Grondmechanica) in Delft in 1934 (later GeoDelft and today in the Institut Deltares of the Universities of Delft and Utrecht).
The first major order from the foundation engineering institute was the preliminary investigations for the Maastunnel near Rotterdam, which opened in 1942, immediately after it was founded. At the Grundbauinstitut, he developed field and laboratory measuring methods and sampling devices for soil mechanics, including an early triaxial device (Celapparat, also called Dutch Cell Test ). At the foundation laboratory in Delft, the pressure probing invented by P. Barentsen in 1931 was further developed and tested in the 1930s. One problem was to generate the necessary reaction force during the pressure soundings, which at that time was solved by anchoring in the ground.
Buisman investigated the stability of embankments and dikes (he presented this with van Mourik Broekman at the first conference of the International Society for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics in Cambridge in 1936) and the consolidation and creeping behavior of clay soils (which his posthumous essay on the 2nd International conference in Rotterdam in 1948, Long duration settlement tests ). He also dealt with the distribution of pressure in the ground under foundations, which led to discussions with Otto Karl Fröhlich , who was a consultant engineer in the Netherlands for a time, before he succeeded Karl von Terzaghi in Vienna .
He died in a Japanese internment camp in 1944, where he had been interned since 1943. While in Indonesia he was able to supervise the publication of his textbook on soil mechanics. He traveled to Indonesia in 1939, but was unable to return because the war broke out.
Fonts
- Grondmechanica, 1940
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The former professor of soil mechanics in Delft Arnold Verruijt describes this in his essay on Buisman and in his book Soil Mechanics as the birth of Dutch soil mechanics
- ↑ Among other things, they dealt with the influence of negative pore water pressure, i.e. suction tension, on the slope stability in unsaturated soils at an early stage. Andrea Thielen Influence of soil saturation on slope stability , dissertation ETH Zurich 2008
- ↑ The second World Congress for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics was originally supposed to open in the Netherlands in 1940, also in recognition of the scientific achievements in soil mechanics in the Netherlands, which the Second World War made impossible. It took place in Rotterdam in 1948
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Buisman, Albert Sybrandus Keverling |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Buisman, Keverling |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch civil engineer for geotechnical engineering |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 2, 1890 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hardinxveld |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 20, 1944 |
| Place of death | Bandung |