Summer dawn
The summer grazing of farm animals (sheep, goats, cows, cattle, horses) on an alp is referred to as summer pasture (also called alpine chipping or in Swiss alpine chipping ) . This phase of alpine farming is one of the forms of extensive animal husbandry.
Alpine region
The mining of the Alps, which are mostly in collective ownership ( commons ) and organized as cooperatives , has been regulated in Alpine regulations for centuries and is controlled by the Alpine Bailiff in order to ensure fair use and avoid overuse .
The absence of animals enables the valley operations to create supplies for the winter. The ascent and withdrawal of the Alps often takes place in stages ( three-stage form ), in spring and autumn in lower elevations ( Maiensäss ) and in summer in the higher elevations (Oberstaffel).
The summer pasture area is an important part of the cultural landscape and is located in the Alps and Prealps as well as in the Jura . Protection and maintenance of the pastures in the summer pastures help to prevent natural disasters (avalanches, landslides, erosion) and serve tourism. In Switzerland, farmers are compensated for this through direct state contributions.
See also
literature
- Elinor Ostrom : The Constitution of the Commons - Beyond State and Market . Mohr, Tübingen 1999, ISBN 3-16-146916-X (Ostrom examined, among other things, the use of the Törbeler Allmende, which was regulated by the statutes of 1483).
Web links
- Rights of disposal and farming practices in alpine farms in Graubünden (PDF; 2.3 MB)
- Stefanie von Felten: Why do you summer your animals? (PDF; 3.3 MB) Results of a survey of summer home businesses. In: Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape . 2011 .