Amber chalk
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Ambrerötel ( Monticola sharpei erythronotus ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Monticola sharpei erythronotus | ||||||||||||
| ( Lavauden , 1929) |
The Amber Mountain Rock Thrush ( Monticola sharpei erythronotus ) is a subspecies of Madagaskarrötels ( Monti Cola sharpei ), a bird art from the family of Fliegenschnäpper . It is endemic to the Montagne d'Ambre in northern Madagascar.
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features
The amber chalk reaches a length of 16 cm. The male resembles the male of the Madagascar chalk. But it has a slightly longer beak and the head is bluish. In contrast to Madagascar chalk, the blue color of the hood only extends to the neck and throat. The mantle and the wing covers are dull chestnut colored. The rump is orange, the outer tail feathers are bright orange. The female is similar to the female of the Madagascar chalk. However, the upper side is more vividly colored and the reddish-brown tint on the rump and tail is more luminous. The bottom is lighter and less dashed. The juvenile birds are hardly known. A juvenile male kept in human care had yellowish-brown spots on the wing covers and light colored seams on the arm wings.
Vocalizations
The singing is hardly known. It is described as bright and harmonious or rich and short. It can often be heard at dusk. The phrases are similar to those of the nominate form, but they are less varied and encompass a number of stereotypical melodies. The amber chalk is able to imitate other bird calls. The alarm call is a peculiar harsh cry.
habitat
The Ambrerötel inhabits evergreen montane wet forests as well as cloud forests with a closed canopy of leaves at altitudes of 800 to 1300 m. The habitat is the rather lush lower forest layer, consisting of lianas, ferns, bushes, screw trees , grass growth and debris. The Ambrerötel prefers the surroundings of streams and is more likely to be in the undergrowth than the Madagascar chalk.
Way of life
He catches his food by approaching from a hide to the ground or occasionally in the air in a nimble picking flight. The Ambrerötel is a resident bird that usually lives in an area of up to one hectare. Territory sizes of up to 2.5 hectares are also rare. The breeding season takes place between October and November. The nest is similar to that of the nominate form. It is erected in a tree cavity, in a crevice in an overhang, in the trunk of a tree fern or often hidden behind shrub tree leaves three to six meters above the forest floor. The clutch consists of two to three unspotted, light turquoise eggs. The incubation period lasts at least 15 days. The nestling time is unknown.
status
The Ambrerötel is limited to the mountain forests on the Montagne d'Ambre massif in the far north of Madagascar. Its distribution area covers an area of approximately 380 km². The IUCN categorizes this taxon as "high risk" ( endangered ) and estimates the stock to less than 5000 individuals with a decreasing trend. The greatest risk comes from commercial logging and the conversion of the forest into agricultural land.
Systematics
The amber chalk was described by Louis Lavauden in 1929 as a subspecies of the Madagascar chalk. In 2002 it was given species status by Steven M. Goodman and Lee Weigt under the name Pseudocossyphus erythronotus . Based on molecular studies from 2007 and 2010, it was downgraded as a subspecies by the International Ornithological Congress in 2012 .
literature
- Peter Clement , Ren Hathway: Thrushes. ( Helm Identification Guides. ) 2nd edition. A & C Black, London 2001, ISBN 978-0-691-08852-5 , pp. 184-185 (as a subspecies of Monticola sharpei ).
- Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, David A. Christie : Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 10: Cuckoo-shrikes to Thrushes. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2005, ISBN 978-84-87334-72-6 , p. 717.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ SM Goodman, LA Weigt: The generic and species relationships of the reputed endemic Malagasy genus Pseudocossyphus (family Turdidae). In: Ostrich. Volume 73, No. 1 & 2, 2002, pp. 26-35, doi: 10.2989 / 00306520209485348 .
- ^ Robert K. Outlaw, Gary Voelker, Diana C. Outlaw, J. Klicka: Molecular Systematics and Historical Biogeography of the Rock-Thrushes (Muscicapidae: Monticola) (Systématique moléculaire et biogéographie historique des monticoles (Muscicapidae: Monticola)). In: The Auk. Volume 124, No. 2, 2007, pp. 561-577, doi: 10.1093 / auk / 124.2.561 .
- ↑ Dario Zuccon, Per GP Ericson: The Monticola rock-thrushes: Phylogeny and biogeography revisited. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Volume 55, No. 3, 2010, pp. 901-910, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2010.01.009 .
- ^ IOC World Bird List 10.2