Ammobates
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Ammobates muticus from Palermo (Italy) |
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| Latreille , 1809 |
The sandwalker bees ( Ammobates ) are a genus from the Apidae family within the bees . They are cuckoo bees , i.e. breeding parasites.
About 50 species are described in the genus, they are mostly distributed in the Palearctic , from the Canary Islands and Morocco to Central Asia and Siberia. One species occurs in South Africa and one in India. There are two types in German-speaking countries, one of them only in Austria.
features
The body is stocky and about 7 to 10 mm long in the native species (4 to 11 mm in total). The abdomen is completely or partially colored red, the hair is only short and the tergite ends are usually thick felt. There are two cubital cells in the fore wing . In their habitus, the Ammobates bees are reminiscent of the closely related genera Epeoloides (decorative bees ) and Pasites (short-horned bees ).
Way of life
Since the bees of the genus Ammobates are breeding parasites (cuckoo bees), they lay their eggs in the nests of other bees. The eggs are bent into a U-shape. The larvae do not spin a cocoon. The species of Ammobates parasitize the following genera: Anthophora , Tetraloniella and Ancyla . The biology of many species is still largely unknown. The adult bees fly on blossoms only to supply themselves with nectar. The native species fly in June and August.
Systematics
Ammobates belongs in the family of Apidae to the subfamily Nomadinae , tribe Ammobatini and is the most species-rich genus within this tribe.
The genus is divided into three subgenus: Xerammobates (three species in Tunisia and Turkmenistan), Euphileremus (six species, Spain, Morocco and Asia) and Ammobates s. st. (all other types).
Central European species
- Ammobates dusmeti - France, Spain
- Ammobates muticus - France, Romania
- Ammobates oraniensis - Italy, Ukraine
- Ammobates punctatus - Very rare in Germany, but widespread where the host occurs, not in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. In Austria in Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower Austria and Styria. In Switzerland in the Valais. Parasitized on Anthophora bimaculata .
- Ammobates vinctus - Lower Austria and Burgenland. Slovakia, Croatia, Corsica, France. Parasitized on Tetraloniella .
- Ammobates similis - Italy, Greece, Slovakia, Turkey.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Erwin Scheuchl & Willner, Wolfgang: Pocket dictionary of wild bees in Central Europe . 1st edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim, Hunsrück 2016, ISBN 978-3-494-01653-5 .
- ↑ a b Species of solitary bees: Sandwalker bees (Ammobates). Retrieved January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Wildbiene.com | The website about wild bee protection. Retrieved January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Michael S. Engel: Two New Species of Ammobates from the Arabian Peninsula and Egypt (Hymenoptera: Apidae) . In: Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science . tape 112 , no. 4 , 2009, ISSN 0022-8443 , p. 191–197 , doi : 10.1660 / 062.112.0406 ( bioone.org [accessed January 13, 2020]).
- ^ A b Paul Westrich: The wild bees of Germany . Stuttgart 2018, ISBN 3-8186-0123-2 , pp. 161-184, 592 .
- ↑ a b Ch. D. Michener: The Bees of the World . 2nd Edition. The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 2007, p. 73, 662-663 .
- ↑ a b c d Discover Live. Accessed January 1, 2020 .