André de Montbard

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Grandmaster's coat of arms Andrés de Montbard

André de Montbard or Andreas von Montbard (* around 1103 ; † January 17, 1156 in Jerusalem ) was the fifth Grand Master of the Knights Templar and one of the nine founders of the order.

He was an uncle of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux . The von Montbard family belonged to the high nobility of Burgundy. The wife of Hugo von Payens , the first Grand Master of the Templar Order, also came from the von Montbard family.

Andreas is considered one of the nine knights who founded the Knights Templar between 1118 and 1120. At the Council of Troyes in 1129 , at which the Knights Templar formally gave themselves an order rule, he was present as a representative of the order alongside Hugo von Payens. In 1148 in the Holy Land he rose to the rank of Seneschal , Deputy Grand Master and second highest dignitary of the order.

After the resignation of Grand Master Everard des Barres in 1151/52, Andreas was under discussion as his successor, but the General Chapter of the Order chose Bernard de Tromelai instead . The order thus positioned itself in the looming conflict between King Baldwin III. of Jerusalem and her mother Melisende, who claimed reign, in favor of the king, especially since Andreas was known as a friend and partisan of Melisende.

Bernard de Tromelai died in the assault on the fortress of Askalon , which was finally captured on August 22, 1153. Then the Knights Templar elected Andreas von Montbard as the new Grand Master, the conflict between Baldwin III. and Melisende had meanwhile been settled.

He held the office until his death on January 17, 1156 in Jerusalem.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Vogel, p. 366

literature

  • Alain Demurger: The Templars. Rise and Fall 1120-1314. CH Beck, Munich 2007.
  • Christian Vogel: The right of the Templars. Selected aspects of Templar law with special consideration of the statute manuscripts from Paris, Rome, Baltimore and Barcelona. Lit Verlag, Berlin 2007.
  • Volker Loos: The poor knights of Christ from the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. A detailed chronicle of the Templar period. Frieling Verlag, Berlin 1996.
predecessor Office successor
Bernard de Tromelai Grand Master of the Knights Templar
1153–1156 		Bertrand de Blanquefort
personal data
SURNAME André de Montbard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Andreas of Montbard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION 5. Grand Master of the Templar Order
DATE OF BIRTH around 1103
DATE OF DEATH January 17, 1156
Place of death Jerusalem