Anthidiellum

Anthidiellum
	Anthidiellum notatum , male
Systematics
Order :	Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Superfamily :	Apoidea
without rank:	Bees (Apiformes)
Family :	Megachilidae
Subfamily :	Megachilinae
Genre :	Anthidiellum
Scientific name
	Anthidiellum
	Cockerell , 1904

Anthidiellum is a genus in the Megachilidae family. The genus is very widespread, in North and South America as well as in Eurasia, Africa, the Orientalis and even in Northern Australia. Almost 50 species have been described, but only one is native to Central Europe: Anthidiellum strigatum (syn. Anthidium strigatum ).

The bees of the Anthidiellum genus are sometimes called dwarf resin bees or small resin bees in German . Some authors include Anthidiellum in the genus Anthidium .

features

Anthidiellum bees have a black body with yellow markings that is only slightly hairy. The underside of the abdomen is covered with thick hair, which is used to transport pollen (abdominal collector). The bees are approx. 6 to 7 mm long (American species up to 10 mm), so they are slightly smaller than the species of Anthidium . The forewings have two discoid cells.

Way of life

The Anthidiellum bees are solitary bees that collect pollen and build nests. The nests consist of brood cells that are freely suspended individually or in groups on stones, plant stems or tree trunks. The nests are made from tree resin. Only species of the subgenus Ranthidiellum in Southeast Asia have nests in the ground, but also with resin brood cells.

The only native species is polylectic, but it collects horn clover particularly frequently . It flies from mid-June to mid-August, the bees overwinter as a resting larva in the cocoon.

The males often spend the night individually or in groups, clenched to plant stems.

Systematics

The genus Anthidiellum belongs within the subfamily Megachilinae to the tribe Anthidini . According to Michener (2007), this tribe is subdivided into 37 genera. Anthidiellum belongs to the Dianthidium genus group with 11 other genera, including Icteranthidium and Rhodanthidium , which are also represented in Central Europe.

The genus Anthidiellum is divided into seven sub-genera, of which the sub-genus Pycnanthidium is the most species-rich with 22 species. It is common in Africa, Southeast Asia and Australia. Anthidiellum s. st. is distributed with approx. 7 species from the western Mediterranean over Europe to Central Asia and India. Loyolanthidium with approx. 8 kinds is widespread mainly in North America. The other subgenera are only known from a few (1 to 3) species.

Anthidiellum strigatum, the only species of the genus that also occurs in Europe.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e E. Scheuchl & W. Willner: Pocket dictionary of wild bees in Central Europe . Quelle & Meyer, 2016, ISBN 978-3-494-01653-5 , pp. 217-228 .
↑ ^a ^b Woolly bees: Anthidium strigatum. Retrieved April 6, 2020 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c P. Westrich: The wild bees of Germany . E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2018, p. 155-157160, 578, 585 f.-586 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Ch. D. Michener: Bees of the World . 2nd Edition. 2007, p. 71 f., 491-537 .
↑ JR Litman, T. Griswold, BN Danforth: Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). In: Molecular phylogenetics and evolution . tape 100 , 2016, p. 183-198 ( researchgate.net ).

[:1-1] E. Scheuchl & W. Willner: Pocket dictionary of wild bees in Central Europe . Quelle & Meyer, 2016, ISBN 978-3-494-01653-5 , pp. 217-228 .

[:3-2] Woolly bees: Anthidium strigatum. Retrieved April 6, 2020 .

[:2-3] P. Westrich: The wild bees of Germany . E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2018, p. 155-157160, 578, 585 f.-586 .

[:0-4] Ch. D. Michener: Bees of the World . 2nd Edition. 2007, p. 71 f., 491-537 .

[5] JR Litman, T. Griswold, BN Danforth: Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). In: Molecular phylogenetics and evolution . tape 100 , 2016, p. 183-198 ( researchgate.net ).