Apteranthes europaea
| Apteranthes europaea | ||||||||||||
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Apteranthes europaea ssp. europaea |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Apteranthes europaea | ||||||||||||
| ( Cast. ) Plowes |
Apteranthes europaea is a species of the silk plant family (Asclepiadoideae). The species is not only found in (Southern) Europe, as the name implies, but also in North Africa and the Middle East.
features
Apteranthes europaea is a perennial stem succulent plant with grassy shoots (ssp. Europaea ) or prostrate, mat-forming shoots with subterranean runners (ssp. Judaica ). The shoots are up to about 20 cm high or long and 1 to 2.5 cm in diameter. They are four-ribbed in cross-section, the sides between the ribs are clearly concave. The color varies from green to purple-brown. The warts are oblong-conical (ssp. Europaea ) or pointed (ssp. Judaica ). The zymous inflorescence contains 5 to 15 flowers (ssp. Europaea ), a little less (up to 12 flowers) in the ssp. judaica . The stalk of the inflorescence measures at ssp. europaea 2 to 3 mm, about 1 to 1.5 mm for the ssp. judaica . The five sepals measure 1.5 to 2 × 1 mm. The five-fold corolla has a diameter of 1.5 to 2 cm. It is greenish on the outside, yellowish on the inside with dark red to purple transverse bands. The shape varies from bell-shaped and funnel-shaped to flat. The crown tube is 1 to 5 mm deep and bell-shaped to bowl-shaped; at the base it encloses the secondary crown. The crown lobes are approximately triangular and 5 to 8 mm long and about 5 mm wide. They are spread flat, the edges and the tip are often strongly curved outwards. The inside can be almost hairless, but it can also have a strong, simple, purple-colored hair about 1 mm long. The secondary crown measures 3.5 to 4 mm in diameter. The interstaminal side crown is dark purple, the processes are about 1.2 to 2 mm long, 1 mm wide and colored yellow. They are cut apically and often swollen. The staminal corolla lobes are dark brown and shorter than the anthers. The upright, blunt anthers are apically incised or divided into two parts. The green, slender, 7 to 8 cm long follicles are arranged in pairs and horn-shaped. The seeds have a tuft of white hairs on one end.
Occurrence and ecology
Apteranthes europaea occurs in Italy ( Lampedusa ), Spain in the provinces of Murcia and Almería , Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia , Libya , Egypt , Israel and Jordan . The plant grows on stony soils and crevices in sunny and hot spots in the garigue . It blooms mainly in spring between March and April, but also in autumn after the first autumn rains.
Systematics
Two subspecies are eliminated:
- Apteranthes europaea ssp. europaea ; Occurrence: Italy (Lampedusa), Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt; The shoots are grassy, the warts are oblong-conical, with a slightly longer stalk of the inflorescence, the corolla is dark purple
- Apteranthes europaea ssp. judaica ; Occurrence: Israel, Jordan and (?) Egypt. Mat-forming, with prostrate shoots, pointed warts, with a relatively short inflorescence stalk, the corolla is dark purple, red to yellowish purple
The species was added to the genus Caralluma until recently . Plowes (1995) reactivated the genus Apteranthes J. C. Mikan, which was previously regarded as a synonym for Caralluma , for the forms around Apteranthes europaea .
swell
Individual evidence
literature
- Focke Albers, Ulli Meve (Hrsg.): Succulents Lexicon Volume 3: Asclepiadaceae (silk plants). 322 S., Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002 ISBN 9783800139828 .
- Brian M Lamb, Keith Bensusan & Mohamed Amezian: Moroccan Asclepiads Following Autumn Storms . Cactus and Succulent Journal , 81 (5): 240-254, 2009 PDF-Online.
- Manuel Benito Crespo Villalba: Nomenclatural changes in Apteranthes Mikan (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) . Flora Montiberica, 32: 15-20, 2006 PDF-Online. (Section description and systematics)
- Darrel Charles Herbert Plowes: A reclassification of Caralluma R. Brown (Stapelieae: Asclepiadaceae). Haseltonia, 3: 49-70, 1995.
