Arab Federation
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Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan Arab Federation |
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 Flag of the Arab Federation |
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 Arab Federation Map (dark green) |
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| Official language | Arabic | |||
| Capital | Baghdad | |||
| founding | February 14, 1958 | |||
| resolution | July 15, 1958 | |||
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The Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan ( Arabic Federation for short ; literally actually Arab Union , Arabic الاتحاد العربي, DMG al-Ittiḥād al-ʿarabī ) was only a five-month long amalgamation of the kingdoms of Iraq and Jordan from February 14 to July 15, 1958. Although the state officially called itself a union ( unitary state ) and was mostly referred to internationally as a federation ( federal state ) , he was a de facto confederation ( confederation ).
The Hashimite Iraqi King Faisal II and his Jordanian cousin Hussein I , who was also of Hashimite origin, founded the federation in response to the United Arab Republic , which was founded on February 1, 1958 . While the United Arab Republic was more oriented towards the Soviet Union , the Arab Federation was interested in good relations with the former colonial power Great Britain and the USA. While Iraq had acceded to the Baghdad Pact in 1955 , pressure from the rest of the Arab world had initially prevented Jordan from joining. The Federation now effectively bound Jordan to the pact, because the foreign policy and defense departments were outsourced from the Iraqi and Jordanian cabinets and transferred to the federal government. The federal government was headed by the Iraqi Prime Minister. On March 3, 1958, Prime Minister Abdel Wahab Mirjan resigned; His successor was Nuri as-Said , who was commissioned by the Iraqi king on May 16, 1958 to form a government.
The Arab Federation only existed for six months. After Qasim's military coup against Faisal II on July 14, all organs of the federation were dissolved by the putschists on July 15, 1958. After the coup, King Faisal II, Crown Prince Abdallah and Prime Minister Nuri As Said were assassinated and the Republic of Iraq was declared , which was subsequently recognized by the United Arab Republic. On July 23, Iraq officially withdrew from the federation, and on August 2, 1958, Jordan's King Hussein also officially decreed its end.
Iraq's Nuri as-Said was a federation premiere
Brigadier General Qasim smashed the Federation
Individual evidence
- ^ German Israel and Middle East Policy: The History of a Balancing act since 1949 . Campus Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-593-37109-X , p. 69 ( online ).
literature
- Bruce Maddy-Weitzman: Jordan and Iraq: Efforts at Intra-Hashimite Unity . In: University of Michigan (Ed.): Middle Eastern Studies 26 (1990) . Ann Arbor March 9, 2009, p. 65 , JSTOR : 4283349 .
- Charles Tripp: A History of Iraq . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007, pp. 135-145 .
- Laurie A. Brand: Economics and Shifting Alliances: Jordan's Relations with Syria and Iraq, 1975–81 . In: University of Michigan (Ed.): International Journal of Middle East Studies 26 (1994) . Ann Arbor March 9, 2009, p. 81 , JSTOR : 163695 .
- Curtis Ryan: Between Iraq and a Hard Place: Jordanian-Iraqi Relations . In: University of Michigan (Ed.): Middle East Report (2000) . Ann Arbor March 9, 2009, p. 40-42 , JSTOR : 1520157 .