Araripepipra
| Araripepipra | ||||||||||||
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Araripepipra (female) at the nest |
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| Antilophia bokermanni | ||||||||||||
| Coelho & Silva , 1998 |
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The araripe manakin ( Antilophia bokermanni ), also called Araripe Helmpipra called, is a threatened with extinction bird from the family of Manakin (Pipridae). It was discovered in 1996 and scientifically described in 1998. The specific epithet honors the Brazilian zoologist Werner Bokermann .
description
The Araripepipra reaches a length of 14.5 centimeters. Males and females show a strong sexual dimorphism in their plumage .
The males are markedly white, black and crimson. They have a white body plumage, the wings are black apart from the white wing-covers. The tail is also black in color. A crimson feather crown with a forward-facing hood runs from the top of the head to the middle back. The iris is red. The females are predominantly olive green and have a light green belly. Their hood is reduced.
Distribution, habitat and way of life
This species occurs exclusively in the south of the state of Ceará in northeastern Brazil in a very small distribution area in the region of Capada do Araripe . The habitat are moist forests with tall trees and heavy lianas. All of the nests found so far were built so that they hung over flowing waters. Like most species in its family, the Araripepipra is a forest dweller of the lower and middle zones. It feeds almost exclusively on small fruits. The breeding season of the Araripepipras falls in the rainy season, otherwise the reproductive biology is little studied. Presumably, as with other purrbirds, the females are responsible for all nesting and breeding tasks.
History of discovery and endangerment
The Araripepipra was found in the context of mapping and inventory surveys in the wet forests on the slopes of the Chapada do Araripe in the Brazilian province of Ceará . On November 19, 1994, during this work, Galileu Coelho heard a bird call that reminded him of that of Helmpipras , but at the same time was noticeably different. The habitat of the Helmpipras was also the gallery forests of the Cerrado , a savannah in central Brazil. A year later Coelho heard the same call again, but together with Weber Silva he only managed to catch the bird and film it in December 1996. It wasn't until 1998, however, that the Araripepipra was officially described as a new species.
In 2000, an extrapolated population of less than 50 specimens was assumed because only three males and one female had been discovered until then. In 2003 the estimates were more optimistic and amounted to between 49 and 250 copies. In 2006, a cautious estimate of 250 individuals was made based on 43 males discovered so far. The type locality Nascente do Farias was in a protected area, but this protection existed largely only on paper. In 2000 an amusement park with swimming pools and paved roads was built on site. However, the owners of the area left out a narrow, intact strip of forest to protect the Araripepipra. In 2010 there are still Araripepipras in this forest strip. The inventory funded by British Petroleum from 2004 onwards showed that this species also colonizes nearby habitats. As of 2010, it is assumed that around 800 individuals of this type exist in an area of around 28 square kilometers.
In 2006 the Brazilian nature conservation organization AQUASIS started a media campaign to save the Araripepipra. In August 2008 Sir David Attenborough took over the BirdLife International sponsorship for the species to give a signal for the strengthening of protective measures for this species.
literature
- Dominic Couzens : Rare Birds - Survivors, Evolution Losers and the Lost. Haupt Verlag, Bern 2011, ISBN 978-3-258-07629-4
- J. Del Hoyo, A. Elliot, D. Christie (Eds.): Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails . Lynx Edicions 2004, ISBN 84-87334-69-5
Web links
- Antilophia bokermanni inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.1. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
- BirdLife factsheet Araripe manakin (English)
- Sir David Attenborough champions BirdLife International's work to halt extinctions
- Photo of the male ( memento from September 6, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- Videos, photos and sound recordings about Antilophia bokermanni in the Internet Bird Collection