Purrbirds
Purrbirds | ||||||||||||
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White Ribbed Pipra ( Manacus candei ), young male |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Pipridae | ||||||||||||
Rafinesque , 1815 |
The purrbirds (Pipridae), also called Manakins or Pipras , are a species-rich family in the order of the passerine birds (Passeriformes). The name for this bird family is derived from the fact that some of the species make purring or cracking noises during courtship dances or flights. In these species, the shafts of the arm fins are swollen and contain air, while the outer hand fins are strongly narrowed.
distribution
Purrbirds inhabit the tropical forests of Central and South America .
features
The small colorful birds reach a body length between 8 and 19 centimeters; roughly in the range of titmice . They usually have short tail feathers, short wings and, in relation to the body, delicate legs. Long tail feathers, however, are mostly seen in the males of some species. With the relatively broad, pointed beak, the upper beak lies slightly above the lower beak. The plumage color within a species makes the sexes distinguishable in many species. Males have a dark, almost black or greenish-brown basic color with large spots of brightly contrasting primary colors on the head, on the stomach or on the back. The females are mostly inconspicuously colored olive green.
nutrition
Purrbirds feed mainly on insects, which they often find similar to the tangerines by following the trains of the wandering ants and eating the fleeing and startled insects. When searching for insects, they avoid open terrain or defenseless places and usually hop from branch to branch. They rarely fly in search of food. Fruits are also on the menu.
Reproduction
There is no permanent partnership with purrbirds. A female can be mated by several males. The nest with one or two eggs, made of plant fibers and animal hair, is often built high on the trees and is usually located in a fork of a branch. It is the job of the female to build the nest, hatch the eggs and raise the young.
Genera and species (selection)
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Antilophia
- Araripepipra ( Antilophia bokermanni )
- Helmpipra ( Antilophia galeata )
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Chiroxiphia
- Blue- breasted pipra ( Chiroxiphia caudata )
- Lanzettschwanzpipra ( Chiroxiphia lanceolata )
- Splendid pipra ( Chiroxiphia pareola )
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Chloropipo
- Green pipra ( Chloropipo holochlora )
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Corapipo
- White-collar pipra ( Corapipo altera )
- Eastern white-throated pipra ( Corapipo gutturalis )
- Western white-throated pipra ( Corapipo leucorrhoa )
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Heterocercus
- Orange-parted pipra ( Heterocercus aurantiivertex )
- Gray-cheeked pipra ( Heterocercus flavivertex )
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Ilicura
- Red Rump Pipra ( Ilicura militari )
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Lepidothrix
- Blue-parted pipra ( Lepidothrix deliciosus )
- Bluebird pipra ( Lepidothrix isidorei )
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Machaeropterus
- Club winged pipra ( Machaeropterus deliciosus )
- Machaeropterus eckelberryi
- Striped Pipra ( Machaeropterus regulus )
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Manacus
- White Ribbon Pipra ( Manacus candei )
- Golden Ribbon Pipra or Saber Pipra ( Manacus manacus )
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Masius
- Golden-winged pipra ( Masius chrysopterus )
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Neopelma
- Gold- crowned pipra ( Neopelma chrysocephalum )
- Western yellow-bellied pipra ( Neopelma sulphureiventer )
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Pipra
- Yellow-headed pipra or golden-headed pipra ( Pipra erythrocephala )
- Tail banded pipra ( Pipra fasciicauda )
- Thread pipra ( Pipra filicauda )
- Yellow Pants Pipra ( Pipra mentalis )
- White- parted pipra ( Pipra pipra )
- Orange-bellied pipra ( Pipra suavissima )
- Yellow-headed pipra ( Pipra vilasboasi )
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Piprites
- Graustirnpiprites ( Piprites griseiceps )
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Ship forum
- Drosselmanakin ( Schiffornis turdinus )
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Tyrant neuter
- Southern pygmy pipra ( Tyranneutes proudmanni )
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Xenopipo
- Black Pipra ( Xenopipo atronitens )
- Goldkappenpipra ( Xenopipo flavicapilla )
- Green pipra ( Xenopipo holochlora )
- Atlaspipra ( Xenopipo unicolor )
- Tepuipipra ( Xenopipo uniformis )
literature
- Wolfgang Baars: Fruit eater and flower visitor . Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8001-7088-4 .
Web links
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Purrbird Videos and Photos , The Internet Bird Collection (IBC).
- Northern Yellow Pants Pipra ; shows one of the birds that can be seen in the youtube link above.
Single receipts
- ↑ Baars: Fruit Eaters and Flower Visitors . P. 48
- ^ Daniel F. Lane, Andrew W. Kratter and John P O'Neill. 2017. A New Species of Manakin (Aves: Pipridae; Machaeropterus ) from Peru with A Taxonomic Reassessment of the Striped Manakin ( M. regulus ) complex. Zootaxa . 4320 (2); 379-390. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4320.2.11