Asphyxia
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
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R09.0 | Asphyxia |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
As a asphyxia or asphyxia (from ancient Greek ἀσφυξία Asphyxia "no pulse") is generally a state with respiratory depression to stand- still referred coupled to lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and hypercapnia associated.
Causal relationship
Causes can be cardiovascular failure , respiratory paralysis or an obstruction of the airways . The lack of gas exchange leads to a decrease in blood oxygen ( hypoxemia ) and thus to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood and in the tissue ( hypoxia ), which is visible in the central cyanosis , the blueing of the skin and mucous membranes. In addition, carbon dioxide that is not exhaled collects in the tissue and blood ( hypercapnia ), which, as so-called carbon dioxide anesthesia , leads to a clouding of consciousness and a coma if the causes are not eliminated.
Asphyxia in fetuses and childbirth
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
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P20.- | Intrauterine hypoxia |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
As fetal or intrauterine asphyxia an insufficient supply of the is fetus with oxygen through the umbilical vein referred to, such as placental insufficiency or prolapsed cord .
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
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P21.- | Childbirth asphyxia |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
The Asphyxia neonatorum is described in the newborn. Depending on the duration and severity, a distinction is made between asphyxia livida (cyanosis, gasping, P21.1) or as prognostically unfavorable asphyxia pallida ( “white apparent death” , P21.0). The postnatal asphyxia is a paroxysmal event in the newborn, which especially in preterm infants with insufficient lung maturation occurs.
Traumatic asphyxia
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
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S28.0 | traumatic asphyxia (crushing of the chest) |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
The traumatic asphyxia or the Perthes syndrome is a violation with a high mortality rate caused by a sudden over-compression of the chest - is caused - for example, by spillage. The pressure forces blood from the chest into the head and neck. The consequences can be blue-red discoloration in the neck and head area, bleeding under the skin and bloodshot eyes , visual disturbances up to blindness , cerebral haemorrhage or cerebral edema . The massive violence often leads to further injuries in the chest and stomach area.
Asphyxia is an emergency that requires the initiation of resuscitation measures.
See also
- Apnea
- suffocation
- Positional death from suffocation
- Drown
- Sudden infant death
- Breath control
- Gag (mouth)
- Hang
- Burking
- Strangle
- Hang
- Auto-erotic accident
- Pierre Robin sequence
- Carbon monoxide intoxication
- Cyanide poisoning
literature
- Roche Lexicon Medicine, 5th edition; Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag; Munich / Jena 2003; ISBN 3-437-15072-3
- Susanne Stiller: Development and change in the diagnosis of “birth asphyxia”, University, Freiburg im Breisgau 2016, DNB 1119717302 (online dissertation Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg 2016, 216 pages, academic supervisor: Heinrich Prömpeler, co-supervisor: Hans Fuchs, full text online PDF , free of charge, 216 pages, 2.07 MB).
Web links
- Asphyxia in newborns ( memento from November 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Aok.de