Excavation
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The term excavation is used in earthworks and generally describes the linear or area-like excavation from the ground to a certain depth (also called the bottom of the trunk ).
application
Excavation is primarily used when building land traffic routes . For the creation of a permanent and load-bearing route (i.e. a road or a railroad track), the existing soil must first be excavated (usually with the help of an excavator ). In the space created by the excavation, an unbound base layer (also called a suitcase ) is then installed (unless a substructure is also built up). This is a load-bearing and capillary-breaking rock layer made of non-cohesive aggregate (such as gravel or crushed stone ). This in turn is followed by the installation of the actual road surface or the track .
The technical term "excavation" was initially only used in connection with earthworks for roads and railroad tracks. Over time, however, this term was also adopted for other types of excavation (for example for a foundation or a basement ), although technically speaking it is an excavation and no case is installed afterwards . It is similar with soil remediation . The excavation of contaminated sites required there is also commonly referred to as “excavation”.
source
- Society for the German language: Mother tongue , volume 5, born in 1952, Heliand-Verlag Lüneburg, page 310 ff.
