Old Market House 38
The Bürgerhaus Alter Markt 38 in Arnsberg is a listed building from the 18th century.
history
A building stood at this prominent place on the Alter Markt long before the city fire of 1709. At the beginning of the 18th century the house was owned by the electoral councilor Franz Joachim Bergh, and later, members of the Biegeleben family owned the house.
Essential parts of the existing structure of the main building go back to this previous building. The building consists of an older main building and a slightly later extension. With a similar facade design, both parts of the building can be distinguished by the different roof shapes. There is also a rear building that was added later. According to an inscription, the main building dates from 1709. The extension was probably added around the middle of the 18th century. The rear building, accessible through an archway in the extension, was built around 1820. It is not included in the monument protection status.
The owner in the first half of the 19th century was the criminal judge, court chamber councilor and secret judge Johann Adolf Freusberg from Bilstein . He married Bernadina Biegeleben. Heir was the doctor Friedrich Freusberg. The stucco facade from around 1870 is likely to go back to this. From an architectural point of view, the design of the facade, which was reserved for its time, is one of the reasons why the house is a monument.
At the end of the 19th century the ensemble became the property of the flour and grain dealer Salomom Grüneberg. The Grüneberg family was the first Jewish family to settle in Arnsberg after the settlement ban was lifted in 1810, and which subsequently formed various branches of the family.
The trading company, which was later taken over by his son Louis and then by his son Rudolf, was important beyond the local area. The company's business relationships were global. At the Arnsberg train station , the company had a storage shed with a siding. At times the company even had its own cargo ships in the Black Sea. These loaded grain in the Crimea for sale in Germany and other countries. The Grüneberg company had close relationships with Russian business partners. The government in Arnsberg made use of these contacts during the First World War to obtain information and reported the findings to Berlin. The company was weakened by the war and revolution in Russia. Grüneberg got involved in the Jewish community and was even head of the community at times .
The company suffered from the global economic crisis and the repression of the National Socialist regime and had to be given up in 1933. Instead, Rudolf Grüneberg set up a pension. In 1934 the house was rebuilt. The dormer windows also date from this time . In addition, Rudolf Grüneberg made his way as a representative for confectionery. In 1935 his wife Lili was withdrawn as a singing teacher.
The family moved into the Secret Annex and the guesthouse especially for Jewish guests was opened in 1935. As a result, there were massive defamations against the pension. The family's license was withdrawn under the pretext of neglect. Even if the Grünebergs were informed by telephone about attacks against Jews during the Reichspogromnacht in 1938 in other cities, they believed that this could not happen in Arnsberg, for example. In fact, there were physical attacks by the SA and SS . Valuable furniture was removed from the windows and a grand piano was removed from the house. This was later supposedly sold to the city administration, which Grüneberg denied after the war. Later he was employed in the Froebel School . Grüneberg himself was arrested and sent to the Oranienburg concentration camp . After severe abuse, he was released a few weeks later. Some time later he was arrested again for alleged foreign exchange offenses. The family therefore decided to leave Germany. They were among the last Jews to emigrate from Arnsberg in 1939. She lived in Chile. After the war, Grüneberg only returned to Arnsberg for visits.
The building itself has been used for residential purposes ever since. In 1983 it was added to the list of monuments of the city of Arnsberg under number 72 .
literature
- Uwe Haltaufderheide: The architectural monuments of the city of Arnsberg. Collection period 1980–1990 . City of Arnsberg, Arnsberg 1990, ISBN 3-928394-01-0 , pp. 71-73
- Jörg Häusler: The Grüneberg families . In: Jews in Arnsberg. A documentation. Arnsberg 1991, pp. 182-184
Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '51.1 " N , 8 ° 3' 51.7" E