Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes

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Bacterial Artificial Chromosome , BAC is an artificial chromosome that was developed from the single-copy F-plasmid of the bacterium Escherichia coli .

BACs serve as vectors and, in contrast to cosmids and plasmids, allow the cloning of larger genome segments . It contains as λ-cos N and P1 lox P site known cleavage sites and two interfaces for restriction enzymes ( Hind III and Bam HI) and several GC-interfaces, such as Sfi I and Not I . With the help of the BAC, for example, it is possible to construct RNA probes and it is particularly suitable for introducing genome segments into E. coli. BACs can reach a size of over 300 kbp and are extremely stable (> 100 generations). Wang et al. created a rice genome library with average insertion lengths of 125 kbp in 1995 with the help of BACs . The development of recombineering technology now allows quick and exact BAC modifications, e.g. B. to generate a knockout mouse .

The development of the PAC is based on the BAC .

literature

  • O'Connor, M. et al. (1989): Construction of large DNA segments in Escherichia coli. In: Science. Vol. 244, pp. 1307-1312. PMID 2660262
  • Shizuya, H. et al. (1992): Cloning and stable maintenance of 300-kilobase-pair fragments of human DNA in Escherichia coli are an F-Factor-based vector. In: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 89, pp. 8794-8797. PMID 1528894 PDF
  • Wang, GL et al. (1995): Construction of a rice bacterial artificial chromosome library and identification of clones linked to the Xa-21 disease resistance locus. In: Plant J. Vol. 7, pp. 525-533. PMID 7757120