Firenze Campo di Marte railway station
| Firenze Campo di Marte | |
|---|---|
 Campo Marte train station in Florence
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| Data | |
| Design | Through station |
| Platform tracks | 9 |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Florence |
| Metropolitan city | Metropolitan city of Florence |
| region | Tuscany |
| Country | Italy |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 46 '39 " N , 11 ° 16' 35" E |
| Railway lines | |
| List of train stations in Italy | |
The station Campo Marte is the second largest train station of Florence , located in the same district two (Campo di Marte). The nine platforms are connected by an underpass. In addition, the platforms are connected by a pedestrian bridge that spans the railway site and connects Via Mannelli with Viale Malta. Campo di Marte is primarily a freight and post station, but is also involved in passenger transport at a regional level. It's also close to the stadium and is used by many fans during Fiorentina football matches.
Building history
In 1864 a commission was set up in Florence to prepare the conversion to the capital of Italy. Giuseppe Poggi was commissioned to work out a plan for this purpose. Poggi planned to combine the various Florentine train stations into one large central station, which would have been located north of the current Firenze SMN station between Piazza Cure and Fortezza da Basso . However, he could not prevail against the city council and the still independent railway companies. His plans were also hampered by the existing Florence - Arezzo railway line ( Via ferrata aretina ), which runs right along the city walls. Here, however, it quickly became clear that the district boundary of Florence (which until then existed in the wall rings of 1366) had to be extended in order to take into account the new requirements for urban development. A government decision allowed the city of Florence to incorporate parts of the surrounding municipalities of Pellegrino, Careggi , Rovezzano, Legnaia, Fiesole , Galluzzo and Bagno a Ripoli . This also had the side effect that one of the main sources of income for the city treasury - the import duty on goods - could be increased.
In 1866 the first PRA (Piano regolatore dell'ampliamento) was set up for the right side of the Arno. This set out the projects that were to be decisive for the development of the Campo di Marte area: a military training area with barracks, the customs border and the relocation of the railway line. The relocation of the Via Ferrata Aretina should create space for new residential areas along the former city wall. It was expected that 50,000 people would move from Turin to Florence. The military also demanded that the railway line be relocated in the direction of the planned barracks and the military training area. The new course of the railway line was used by the city as a well-controlled customs border for a long time. So there was initially no interest in relocating the railway line again. For the growing Campo di Marte district, the railway line became more and more an obstacle and pushed it to a peripheral location.
In 1893, the railway administration approved the construction of a single bridge over the railway line - the Ponte al Pino. The Cure and Lungo l'Affrico crossings remained level and restricted. Already in 1899, before the completion of the Campo di Marte train station (1901), there were requests to the city administration to build a crossing, tunnel or drivable crossing between Ponte al pino and Piazza Alberti.
In 1906 a new development plan came into force and attempts were made for the first time to move military activities out of the zone. After the fire that had destroyed the newly built Campo Marte train station, the Association of Engineers made the proposal in 1908 to relocate the railway line and the train station directly to the north on the hills of Fiesole. The city even agreed on this project with the administration of the railways. A piazza with star-shaped streets and a large park were proposed for the abandoned train station.
In 1912 the railway company had the bridge built on Piazza Cure.
In 1915 a development plan was drawn up for the entire city and the proposal was again made to use the military training area for residential buildings. A year later, the assessor for public buildings, Giovanni Bellincioni, made additional suggestions for the development plan. Among other things, they provided for the relocation of the railway line, as it "... is a bigger obstacle than a river could ever be ...". He planned residential development for the Piazza d'Armi. The plan to relocate the railway to the north was ultimately omitted in 1924 with the next development plan. This also contained a building ban for the Piazza d'Armi. At the end of the twenties it was finally used for sporting purposes, which culminated in 1931 with the opening of the stadium planned by Pier Luigi Nervi . Later (1937) the construction of a new station building was suggested. With these measures, the Campo Marte station was cemented more and more , although the development plan of 1924 had provided the relocation of the railway line as one of the most urgent goals.
In 1937, the city's railway administration proposed building a large central station, Campo Marte. Thereupon a strong land speculation and construction activity set in, which came to a standstill immediately when the project was rejected. Since that time there have been repeated attempts to alleviate the separating effect of the railway line and the railway site. This culminated in 1980 in a proposal by PA Cetica to build a huge construction over the entire track system. But all proposals and plans were discarded, so that in 1986 Paolo Cioni stated with resignation: “Meanwhile the Direttissima at Rovezzano has stopped and the noose of the railway with its unavoidable stop, wandering around between Porta alla Croce and Coverciano, is still THE urban problem of Florence ”.
For some time now, the Firenze Campo Marte station has been included in the planning for the high-speed route Bologna – Florence – Rome and is to increasingly assume the role of a regional train station in the future.
gallery
Campo Marte on a painting from 1860
Florence before the expansion plans in 1861
Giuseppe Poggi's plan for the city expansion of Florence (1865)
The "Barriera delle Querce" customs houses in Florence (around 1895)
The Campo Marte station building around 1901
“Piazza d'Armi” in Florence around 1900
Variants for relocating the station (1908)
literature
- La Macchina e il suo spazio. La ferrovia nella citta. Alinea, Florence 1983.
- Francesca Petrucci (Red.): Il Disegno della città. L'urbanistica a Firenze nell'Ottocento e nel Novecento (= Cataloghi. 14, ZDB -ID 2732909-4 ). Alinea, Florence 1986.
- Marco Piccardi, Carlo Romagnoli: Campo di Marte. Storie di confine e di paesaggio urbano. La casa Usher, Florence 1990.
