Fiesole

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Fiesole
coat of arms
Fiesole (Italy)
Fiesole
Country Italy
region Tuscany
Metropolitan city Florence  (FI)
Coordinates 43 ° 48 '  N , 11 ° 18'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 48 '21 "  N , 11 ° 17' 42"  E
height 295  m slm
surface 42 km²
Residents 14,002 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 333 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 50014
prefix 055
ISTAT number 048015
Popular name Fiesolani
Patron saint San Romolo
(July 6th)
Website Fiesole
The Fiesoles hills in front of the city of Florence
The Fiesoles hills in front of the city of Florence

Fiesole is a town of 14,002 inhabitants in the metropolitan city of Florence , Tuscany region , Italy . It is rich in art treasures from different eras, is the seat of the European University Institute , the Department of Renaissance Studies of Harvard University and Georgetown University and is the seat of the Bishop of Fiesole . The decameron of the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio is set in Fiesole in the 14th century. In the 20th century, the city is described in detail both in the novel Peter Camenzind (1904) by Hermann Hesse and in EM Forster's Room with a View (1908).

The city has been known for centuries as the exclusive noble suburb of the Florentine upper class and, according to statistics, remains the richest municipality in all of Tuscany to this day.

geography

The community extends over around 42 km². It is located about 6 km northeast of Florence on the Mugnone River . The districts include Caldine, Pian del Mugnone and Pian di San Bartolo.

The neighboring municipalities are Bagno a Ripoli , Borgo San Lorenzo , Florence , Pontassieve , Sesto Fiorentino and Vaglia .

history

The ancient faesulum was founded by the Etruscans and was called Vipsul by them . The city wall was built in the 5th century BC. Started and in the 3rd century BC. Expanded. Faesulae is first mentioned in written sources for this period: 225 BC. The Romans suffered a defeat against the Celts there , during the Second Punic War Hannibal camped in 217 BC. BC temporarily at Faesulum. In the alliance war , the city was 90 BC. Destroyed by the Roman general Lucius Porcius Cato . A few years later the dictator Sulla established a veterans' colony there . 63 BC Faesulae took part in the Catiline revolt .

During the time of Augustus a theater and a thermal bath were built. In 405 Stilicho defeated the Visigoths at Faesulum . In 1125 the town was captured by Florence and destroyed except for the cathedral and the bishop's palace. There is also evidence that the artist and scientist Leonardo Da Vinci experimented with early flight models for the first time on the Fiesole hills.

Attractions

  • Cathedral of San Romolo, located in the central Piazza Mino da Fiesole , the ancient Roman forum . Started in 1028, after a few extensions during the 13th and 14th centuries, extensive restoration from 1878 to 1883. The interior of the Romanesque building - albeit in a much simpler design - is characterized by forms that are typical of the Florentine Proto-Renaissance. The slim campanile , which characterizes the townscape and is visible from afar, dates from the beginning of the 13th century and was revised in the 18th and 19th centuries.
  • Chiesa Sant'Alessandro, on the forecourt of the church, great view of Florence
  • Convent of San Francesco
  • San Domenico Monastery
  • Badia Fiesolana
  • Zona Archeologica with a Roman theater, thermal baths and remains of the Etruscan city fortifications and the Archaeological Museum (Museo civico archeologico)
  • Museo Bandini
  • Villa Medici

  • Piazza Mino

  • The cathedral

  • Palazzo Vescovile

  • Roman theater

  • Villa San Michele (Hotel)

  • Garden of Villa Schifanoia, the playground of the Decameron by Giovanni Bocaccio

  • Villa Sparta, former residence in exile of the Greek-Romanian royal family

  • Villa I Tatti, seat of Harvard University in Florence

  • Villa di Maiano

  • Villa Montececeri, where Leonardo Da Vinci first experimented with flight models

Town twinning

Personalities

Born in Fiesole

Personalities associated with Fiesole

literature

Web links

Commons : Fiesole  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ Where Giovanni Boccaccio dreamed of nymphs, Mensola and Affrico flow | NZZ . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . September 11, 2002, ISSN  0376-6829 ( nzz.ch [accessed March 15, 2018]).
  3. ^ Adam Begley: Florence, Then and Now, With a Literary Guide . ( nytimes.com [accessed July 7, 2018]).
  4. ↑ Statistics of the tax revenue of Italian municipalities (2016). Il Sole 24 Ore, August 4, 2016, accessed January 29, 2017 (Italian).
  5. ↑ Polybios 2, 25.
  6. ↑ Titus Livius 22: 3-4.
  7. ↑ Cicero , Catilinarische Reden 2, 20; Sallust , Bellum Catilinae 24.