Baldwin (apple)
| Baldwin | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Baldwin's red pepping, red Baldwin |
.jpg)
|
|
| Art | Cultivated apple ( Malus domestica ) |
| origin | Wilmington, Massachusetts |
| breeder | John Ball |
| Breeding year | 1740 |
| List of apple varieties | |
The Baldwin , including Baldwin red Pepping or Red Baldwin is wearing an old apple variety, the bright red, late-ripening apples. The apple variety originally comes from the United States and, as a good table and commercial apple, which is not very susceptible to damage in transit, has been one of the most widely grown apple varieties in the states of New England and New York for years.
Fruit description
The apples of this variety are medium-sized with a diameter of 6 to 7.5 centimeters. The shape is round to flat. They ripen in November and have a good shelf life, so that they can be eaten or processed until March. The green-whitish, firm and juicy flesh has a sweet-wine taste. The skin is initially pale yellow and when ripe becomes either red on the sunny side or completely red with clear white-yellow dots. The calyx is small, closed and gray wool. The stem is of medium length. The apples are prone to scab .
history
According to local tradition, William Butters (1711–1784), grandson of Will Butters, the first white settler in what is now Wilmington , Massachusetts, discovered the apple variety as a chance seedling . William Butters then propagated this variety on his property.
According to another source from the beginning of the 20th century, the random seedling was found in 1740 on the farm of the Wilmington citizen John Ball. For the next 40 years, the cultivation of this apple variety was limited to the Wilmington region. This farm was later acquired by a Mr. Butters who called the apple "Woodpecker" because woodpeckers were often seen in the trees. Deacon Samuel Thompson, surveyor in Woburn , Massachusetts, made Loammi Baldwin , who is considered the father of American civil engineering , aware of this apple. It is thanks to Baldwin that the variety then became more widespread in eastern Massachusetts.
The "Baldwin Apple Monument" in Wilmington, which stood near the place where the original random seedling was found, records: This monument marks the place where the first Baldwin apple tree was found growing in the wild. It fell in the storm of 1815. The apple, which was initially known as butters, woodpecker or pecker apple, was named after Col. Loammi Baldwin von Woburn. Erected in 1895 by the Rumford Historical Association.
The harsh New England winter of 1934 destroyed many trees of this apple variety. At the same time, the Baldwin apple's popularity as a table apple declined. It was increasingly only used as an apple for making cider , for which it is particularly suitable. There was hardly any replanting.
Trivia
In 2013, the United States Postal Service issued four 33 cents worth of postage stamps depicting apples. In addition to the Northern Spy , the Golden Delicious and the Granny Smith , the Baldwin apple was also shown.
Web links
Single receipts
- ^ A b S. A. Beach, NO Booth, OM Taylor: The apples of New York . Albany, 1905, pp. 60-65
- ↑ Obstsorten-Net , accessed on October 11, 2016
- ^ BUND fruit variety database , accessed on October 11, 2016
- ^ Joan Morgan, Allison Richards: The New Book Of Apples: The Definitive Guide to Apples, Including Over 2000 Varieties. Rev. Ed., Ebury Press, London 2002, ISBN 978-0-09-188398-0 , p. 187.
- ↑ Baldwin. In: British Fruit Variety Database. From NationalFruitCollection.org.uk, accessed September 22, 2019.
- ↑ Original text of the monument: This monument marks the site of the first Baldwin Apple Tree found growing wild near here. It fell in the gale of 1815. The apple first known as the Butters, Woodpecker or Pecker apple was named after Col. Loammi Baldwin of Woburn. Erected in 1895 by the Rumford Historical Association.
- ^ USPS information page , accessed October 11, 2016