Tree hammer
| Tree hammer | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tree bunting ( Spizelloides arborea ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Spizelloides | ||||||||||||
| Slager & Klicka, 2014 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Spizelloides arborea | ||||||||||||
| ( Wilson , 1810) |
The tree bunting ( Spizelloides arborea , syn .: Spizella arborea , Passerella arborea ) is a small songbird species from the New World Chamber family . The tree bunting is common in northern North America . Due to its eye-catching head cap, it is not to be confused with any other bird species in its area of distribution. The IUCN classifies the species as 
(= least concern - not endangered).
Appearance
The tree hammer reaches a body length of 13 to 15 centimeters. The wingspan is 22 to 25 centimeters. The weight varies between 13 and 25 grams. The species is notable for its relatively long tail and round head.
Adult tree wedges have a red-brown head cap and a thin, red-brown stripe runs from the eye towards the neck. The rest of the head is gray to reddish gray. The beak is dark gray on the top, the lower beak is yellowish with a black tip. The throat and the underside of the body are gray, the sides of the chest are washed out reddish brown. There is an isolated dark brown spot on the center of the chest. The flanks are also washed out in reddish brown. The rump is cream-colored. The top of the body is chestnut brown with strong dark vertical stripes. The tail is gray-brown, with the outer feathers slightly paler. The legs and feet are brown.
Young birds are similar to adult birds, but their heads are duller in color and streaked darker. The chest and the flanks also show noticeable dark dots.
distribution
The range of the species includes the arctic North America from the Pacific coast of Alaska in the west to the northeast of Labrador in the east of the continent. The tree bunting prefers shrub-covered tundra as a habitat . It is a mandatory migratory bird that hibernates in the northern and central United States during the winter months.
Way of life
The tree bunting eats seeds, berries and insects. During the winter half-year tree bumps live socially and are then also socialized with other songbirds. In their breeding area, however, tree wedges are very territorial. The male indicates his territory by singing and tries to attract females. Baumammers enter into a monogamous seasonal marriage. The nest is built either directly on the ground or close to the ground. The actual nesting trough is covered with grass and feathers. The clutch consists of four to five pale blue or greenish eggs that are speckled with reddish brown. The breeding season is eleven to 13 days. Only the female parent bird breeds. The nestlings are fledged by the female, but fed by both parent birds. They fledge after eight to ten days, but are cared for by the parent birds for another two to three weeks.
supporting documents
literature
- Richard Sale: A Complete Guide to Arctic Wildlife , published by Christopher Helm, London 2006, ISBN 0-7136-7039-8
Single receipts
- ↑ Slager, DL; Klicka, J. 2014: A new genus for the American tree sparrow (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae) . Zootaxa, 3821 (3): 398-400. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.3821.3.9
- ↑ Sale, p. 320
- ↑ Sale, p. 321
Web links
- Passerella arborea inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.1. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2017.