Benedict Syndrome
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| G46 * | Cerebral vascular syndromes in cerebrovascular diseases |
| G46.3 * | Brainstem Syndrome - Benedict Syndrome |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The Benedict's syndrome is a brainstem syndrome , in which a localized tissue damage in the region of the midbrain with partial destruction of the red nucleus and substantia nigra as well as interruption of the medial lemniscus and the root fibers of the oculomotor nerve is a complex clinical picture causes.
The eponym honors the Austrian neurologist Moritz Benedikt .
semiology
Like many brainstem syndromes, Benedict's syndrome combines cranial nerve failure on the side of the lesion ( ipsilateral ), in this case an oculomotor paresis , with functional disorders on the opposite ( contralateral ) side of the body by impairing the long tracts. The eye on the side of the damage deviates outwards and downwards as a result of the oculomotor paresis, the pupil is wide and light-rigid and the lid can sag ( ptosis ). As a result, the person concerned sees double vision. On the contralateral side, there is a sensory disorder and a disorder of the movement sequence, whereby elements of Parkinson's syndrome (substantia nigra), usually as rigor , and hyperkinesis in the form of chorea or athetosis (nucleus ruber) are combined. The pyramidal orbit is typically not included. Classic Benedict syndrome is rare; it is usually incomplete or in combination with other deficits. The transitions to Weber syndrome are fluid, bilateral lesions also occur.
causes
The cause of a Benedict syndrome is usually a brainstem infarction caused by the closure of a branch ( ramus interpeduncularis ) of the posterior cerebral artery or the posterior choroid artery . Any other localized damage in this area is also possible, for example from bleeding or an inflammatory focus.
swell
- Mathias Bähr, Michael Frotscher: Duus' neurological-topical diagnostics. Thieme, Stuttgart 2003. ISBN 3-13-535808-9 .