Gliwice mine
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The coal mine Gliwice (German designation until 1945 Gliwice mine , Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Gliwice ) is a disused coal - mining in the district Trynek the city of Gliwice .
history
The mine was founded on June 26th, 1901 through the consolidation of 16 pit fields that had been leased between 1873 and 1900; this created a total authorized area of 24.09 km². These fields belonged to William Suermondt and a few other business people from the Rhineland , but were already largely (64%) in 1909 to Oberschlesische Eisenindustrie KG (called "Obereisen" for short in business circles) for a purchase price of 2.7 million markssold because Suermondt did not have the necessary capital to set up a mining company. A syndicate of banks held 33.5%, while Suermondt held 2.5%. Later more pit fields were added and the pit reached a size of 30 km².
In 1909, after several test bores, the construction of the daytime facilities and the excavation of two shafts (Carl-Fürstenberg-Schächte) near the Gliwice-Trynek station ( Lage ) began. Since the sinking operation greatly by water inflows and quicksand were hampered dips and therefore the shaft lining with tubbing had to be done until the end of 1911 was the first sole are being driven in 185 m depth.
In 1912, the administration building, the wash house and a workers' settlement at ul. Pszczyńska were built according to designs by the Berlin architects Georg and Emil Zillmann, who often worked in Upper Silesia .
In the spring of 1913, work began on a weather shaft in Wójtowa Wieś, which initially reached a depth of 110 m.
However, these initial investments were so high that as early as 1914 the mine had to be sold to Oberschlesische Kokswerke und Chemische Fabriken AG in Berlin - a company that had already operated several coking plants in Upper Silesia and was interested in coking coal . Under the new owners, the production was increased to 145,103 t, coal transport was introduced underground by locomotives and a coal washing facility was built above ground . In 1921, both production shafts were sunk to 305 m.
Although several of the seams excavated from there were only an average thickness of one meter, coking coal of excellent quality with a low ash and sulfur content could be extracted. For this reason, a coking plant was built in the interwar period, which in 1929 was already producing 424,000 t of coke.
When Upper Silesia was divided in 1922, the area of Gleiwitz remained with the German Empire. In 1923 the mine came to a consortium of Schering AG and Oberschlesische Kokswerke und Chemische Fabriken AG , which in 1920 also acquired the Lower Silesian mine Glückhilf-Friedenshoffnung along with an efficient coking plant. Due to the fragmentation of the previously uniform economic area, the separation into western and eastern Upper Silesia had such a positive effect on the economic situation of the mine that considerable investments were made in the modernization of the coal washing and coking plant. A sulfuric acid recovery plant was also completed in 1932. In 1929, 2,550 people (1,356 of them underground) were employed in the mine and 505,070 t of hard coal were mined.
The global economic crisis led to a reduction in the workforce and the shutdown of the coking plant. In 1932 the mine came to the Borsig -Kokswerke AG , based in Zabrze , while four individual fields continued to belong to Schering AG.
In 1937 the entire production was concentrated on shaft I (305 m depth, double production, cableway and moving weather shaft); there were also two extending weather shafts (305 m and 185 m depth). A workforce of 2,376 workers (1,749 underground) extracted 811,598 t of coal.
Since the majority of the Borsig shares were transferred to the Reichswerke Hermann Göring (HGW) in 1938 , it is reasonable to assume that the HGW took over the mining of the Gleiwitz mine by this point at the latest. After the end of the war, the mine was part of the Gliwickie Zjednoczenie Przemysłe Węglowgo Coal Industry Association.
present
In March 2000 the plant was closed. When it was closed, the mine had five shafts: shafts I and II were located on the central area in Trynek, the shafts "Ostropa" ( location ) and "Wótowa Wieś" ( location ) to the east of the main system and shaft "Łabędy" ( location ) at the port of the Klodnitz Canal .
After 2003, the preserved building complex of the former mine was included in the Nowe Gliwice project .
advancement
- 1913: 40,269 tons
- 1938: 831,561 tons
- 1943: 878,608 tons
- 1970: 1.00 million t
- 1979: 4.81 million t
literature
- Paul Deutsch: The Upper Silesian coal and steel industry before and after the division of the industrial area. Bonn 1926.
- Jerzy Jaros: Słownik histoynczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984.
- Kurt König: The coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955. Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
- Damian Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska na dawnej fotografii . Muzeum w Gliwicach, Gliwice 2015.
- Wilhelm Stumpe: Improving the quality of the Upper Silesian blast furnace coke . In: Stahl und Eisen , 62nd year 1942, issue 34. ( online as PDF;)
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw. Phönix-Verlag, Kattowitz / Breslau / Berlin 1913. ( digitized ; last accessed on May 5, 2015)
- Prussian Mining Authority Breslau (ed.): The Silesian Mines 1938. Publishing house NS-Druckerei, Breslau 1938.
Web links
- Information from the city of Gliwice
- Mieczysław Rosiek: Przegląd Górniczy. 50 lat górnictwa w rejonie gliwickim . Retrieved April 3, 2017 (Polish)
Map with all coordinates: