Betatrophin
| Angiopeptin-like protein 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| other names |
Lipasin |
|
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name (s) | ANGPTL8 C19orf80, RIFL | |
| External IDs | ||
| Orthologue | ||
| human | House mouse | |
| Entrez | 55908 | 624219 |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000130173 | ENSMUSG00000047822 |
| UniProt | Q6UXH0 | Q8R1L8 |
| Refseq (mRNA) | NM_018687 | NM_001080940 |
| Refseq (protein) | NP_061157 | NP_001074409 |
| Gene locus | Chr 19: 11.24 - 11.24 Mb | Chr 9: 21.84 - 21.84 Mb |
| PubMed search | 55908 |
624219
|
Betatrophin is an endogenous messenger substance ( cytokine ), which in mammals is mainly released by the liver and white and brown fat cells , in humans only by the liver. In 2013, Yi erroneously claimed that betatrophin stimulates cell proliferation of insulin- producing beta cells . The original work was withdrawn in 2017 due to conflicting data and failed reproducibility. In humans, the hormone is also known as the hepatocellular carcinoma-associated protein TD26 .
properties
The hormone was first described in 2013 by a research group led by Peng Yi in Cambridge, Massachusetts .
Betatrophin is a 22 kDa heavy protein , which at the N-terminus , a secretion signal and two coiled-coil domains has. The gene is located on chromosome 19 in humans and on chromosome 9 in mice and is highly conserved in all mammals. The betatrophin receptor is unknown, as is the cellular mechanism of action.
In the mouse liver, pregnancy and insulin resistance lead to significantly increased gene expression , as does knockout mice that do not carry the gene for leptin (ob / ob) or the gene for the leptin receptor (db / db). On the other hand, no up-regulation of the hepatic gene expression could be determined upon experimental destruction of the beta cells.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Peng Yi, Ji-Sun Park, Douglas A. Melton: Betatrophin Fuels β Cell Proliferation . In: Cell , 2013, Volume 153, Issue 4, April 25, 2013, pp. 747-758; doi: 10.1016 / j.cell.2013.04.008
- ↑ Peng Yi, Ji-Sun Park, Douglas A. Melton: Retraction Notice to: Betatrophin: A Hormone that Controls Pancreatic β Cell Proliferation . In: Cell . tape 168 , no. 1 , January 12, 2017, ISSN 0092-8674 , p. 326 , doi : 10.1016 / j.cell.2016.12.017 , PMID 28038792 , PMC 5287220 (free full text) - ( cell.com [accessed April 1, 2020]).
- ^ Philip A. Seymour, Palle Serup: Bulking Up on Beta Cells . In: New England Journal of Medicine , 29013, Volume 369, Issue 8, Aug. 22, 2013, pp. 777-779; doi: 10.1056 / NEJMcibr1307038
