Blue Star (Dresden)

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Blue star, drawing by Cornelius Gurlitt around 1900

The Blue Star was a guest house and residential building at Große Meißner Straße 11 in Dresden , which was built around 1750 based on a design by Samuel Locke . Badly damaged in the bombing of Dresden in 1945, the building was blown up in 1950.

history

On July 19, 1748, the (front) building became the property of the Royal Electoral War Secretary Christian Gottlieb Bülz, who had inherited it. He probably had it rebuilt from scratch shortly afterwards, with a building permit dated February 28, 1748. The new building took place around 1750 according to a design by Samuel Locke . In 1781 Johann Christian Hasche praised the house, which because of its "modern design [...] externally [causes] a good effect".

The Blue Star was one of the inns on the Neustadt side of the Elbe in Dresden. Karl Wilhelm Dassdorf called it in 1872 a "comfortable inn for strangers", whereby the ground floor and the first floor are "very well equipped to accommodate guests" and also serve "economic use". For Hasche, the Blue Star was an inn, “where distinguished strangers and distinguished passengers find a good reception.” The other floors of the four-story house contained spacious apartments.

After the Battle of Dresden , the Blue Star in 1814 served as a meeting place of a "society of Saxon patriots" who actively for the exiled King of Saxony to Frederick Augustus I inserting. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel lived in the Blauer Stern from August to September 1820 during his stay in Dresden. Around 1903 the building was called the City of London and housed the City of London standing beer hall on the ground floor, which was preserved as the City of London snack bar and restaurant around 1939.

The building was badly damaged in the bombing of Dresden in February 1945, but like other houses on Grosse Meißner Strasse, the city monuments office believed that it could be restored. The partition walls and ceilings of houses No. 3 to 13 were destroyed, but the outer and gable walls were preserved and free of cracks. After the facades were secured after 1945, the building ensemble was included in the state monument list, even if the city of Dresden, unlike the state monument council, was against rebuilding the residential buildings. Due to a parapet collapse at the Blauer Stern, on June 1, 1950, the then municipal building officer of Wermund ordered the immediate demolition of the houses at Grosse Meißner Strasse 3 to 13, which was carried out on the same day despite protests from the preservation authorities. It was no longer possible to secure facade decorations.

description

Große Meißner Gasse with building no.11 (light facade, center right) around 1910

The four-story Blue Star had a front building with seven window axes . The three central axes protruded slightly. The windows were surrounded by profiled walls and had a round or pointed arch roof, with the roofs on the fourth window axis showing rococo decorations. Rolf Wilhelm assessed the decorations as "the last remnant of the imagination of the Baroque masters" and "decadent descendants" of the cartouches of the Baroque era. The two outer window axes did not show any architectural decorations.

Entry into the house was via a wide entrance with double doors in baroque shapes, which had been preserved until 1945. The arched portal showed a blue star in a central rococo cartridge, which was made of stucco . The Blue Star portal was retained and was installed in the Hotel Bellevue , Große Meißner Straße 15 in 1985 . The blue star ended with a mansard roof.

The building is considered to be a typical example of Locke's architecture due to its "very clearly structured facade with strict, antique-looking suspicion gables to which the rococo decor was clearly subordinated". Other art historians also saw the Blue Star as an example of “another typical facade by Locke's hand”. For Hertzig, however, the building was one of Locke's “first and best buildings”. Earlier art scholars, on the other hand, criticized the fact that the central projection "with its lifeless decoration of the front side could not give any plasticity" and the facade "became a sober surface that could no longer appear as a single appearance."

literature

  • Stefan Hertzig : The late Baroque town house in Dresden 1738 - 1790 . Society of Historical Neumarkt Dresden e. V., Dresden 2007, ISBN 3-9807739-4-9 , pp. 122-125 .

Individual evidence

  1. Cf. Rolf Wilhelm: The formation of the facade of the Dresden baroque house . August Hoffmann, Leipzig 1939, p. 65, FN 1.
  2. ^ Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden - history of its buildings. Sachsenverlag, Dresden 1955, p. 95.
  3. ^ Johann Christian Hasche : XXIX. Decision of the Dresdner Baumeister-Nachrichten. - † Samuel Locke . In: Johann Christian Hasche: Magazine of Saxon History . No. 1, Dresden 1784, p. 339.
  4. ^ Johann Christian Hasche: Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Volume 1. Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, pp. 525-526.
  5. ^ A b Johann Christian Hasche: Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Volume 1. Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, p. 526.
  6. ^ Johann Christian Hasche: Complicated description of Dresden with all its external and internal peculiarities . Volume 1. Schwickert, Leipzig 1781, p. 525.
  7. The blue star . In: Karl Wilhelm Dassdorf: Description of the most exquisite peculiarities of the electoral residence city of Dresden and some surrounding areas . Walther, Dresden 1872, p. 150.
  8. ^ Martin Bernhard Lindau: History of the capital and residence city of Dresden . Volume 2. Kuntze, Dresden 1862, p. 671.
  9. David August Taggesell: diary of a German citizen . Kuntze, Dresden [1854], p. 269.
  10. Norbert Weiß, Jens Wonneberger : Poets, thinkers, literati from six centuries in Dresden . Die Scheune, Dresden 1997, p. 76.
  11. ^ Matthias Lerm : Farewell to old Dresden. Loss of historical building stock after 1945 . Forum Verlag, Dresden 1993, p. 39.
  12. ^ Matthias Lerm: Farewell to old Dresden. Loss of historical building stock after 1945 . Forum Verlag, Dresden 1993, pp. 85-88.
  13. ^ Stefan Hertzig: The historic Neustädter Markt in Dresden. History and buildings of the Inner New Town . Imhof, Petersberg 2011, p. 29.
  14. ^ A b Rolf Wilhelm: The formation of the facade of the Dresden baroque house . August Hoffmann, Leipzig 1939, p. 65.
  15. ^ A b c Stefan Hertzig: The late Baroque town house in Dresden 1738–1790 . Dresden 2007, p. 124.
  16. ^ Walther Dietrich: Contributions to the development of the bourgeois house in Saxony in the 17th and 18th centuries . Trenkler, Leipzig 1903, p. 57.
  17. ^ Stefan Hertzig: The late Baroque town house in Dresden 1738–1790 . Dresden 2007, p. 238.