Blue-green star liver moss

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Blue-green star liver moss
Blue-green star liver moss (Riccia glauca)

Blue-green star liver moss ( Riccia glauca )

Systematics
Class : Marchantiopsida
Subclass : Marchantiidae
Order : Ricciales
Family : Ricciaceae
Genre : Star liver moss ( Riccia )
Type : Blue-green star liver moss
Scientific name
Riccia glauca
L.

The blue-green star liver moss ( Riccia glauca L.) is a species within the genus Riccia . It is a characteristic pioneer moss on open, moist locations, especially fields.

description

The blue-green star liver moss is an annual , thaleless liverwort that grows in mostly complete rosettes with a diameter of 1 to 2 centimeters. The thalli are blue-green, although the red pigmentation that occurs in other Riccia species is missing in this species. The thallus lobes are branched 2 to 3 times dichotomously and 4 to 6 times as wide as they are high in cross section. They are widened in a fan shape towards the tip.

The species is monoic . Numerous capsules are formed, sunk into the thallus, which shine through dark on the upper side. The spores are only released when the surrounding tissue breaks down. The spores are dark brown with a diameter of 80 to 100 μm. On the outside there are 7 to 8 fields along the diameter. The inside is only indistinctly fielded.

variability

The species includes a variety : Riccia glauca var. Subinermis ((Lindb.) Warnst.)

This differs in the significantly narrower thallus flaps, which are 1 to 3 times wider than high in cross-section. In addition, the edges are often crimson and covered with individual cilia. The spores are pink-brown with very fine fields and are 60 to 80 μm in diameter.

distribution

The blue-green star liver moss is found worldwide. It is common everywhere in Germany, but is absent in the limestone areas and in higher mountain regions.

ecology

The blue-green star liver moss is a light plant and therefore only tolerates shading to a limited extent. It is a pioneer species on open, moist, basic to slightly acidic soils. It is particularly common in fields and fallow fields. It also occurs on roadsides, ruderal sites, ditches, in gardens and on the banks of ponds that have fallen dry. Furthermore, their focus is on submontane temperate locations with subatlantic to subcontinental climates. Their ecological behavior can be classified as follows using the pointer values ​​according to Ellenberg : L 8, T 5, K 5, F 7, R 5 .

sociology

The species is a characteristic of a liver moss-rich expression of the association Pottietum truncatae v. Krus. 1945. This represents the typical arable Moss society at slightly acidic to subneutralen locations in Central Europe. Character types are Abgestutztes Pott Moss ( Pottia truncata ) Anthoceros agrestis ( Anthoceros agrestis ) and Einhäusiges Braunshorn Moss ( Phaeoceros carolinianus ). There are also species of the genus pear moss ( Bryum ), field small-forked tooth moss ( Dicranella staphylina ) and pointed gloss moss ( Phascum cuspidatum ). In the liver moss- rich variants of this society, there are also various species of the star liver moss ( Riccia ).

Hazard and protection

The blue-green star liver moss can still be found frequently in Germany. In the course of intensification of agriculture, however, fields are plowed more and more frequently shortly after harvest, so that the arable moss, which mainly develop in winter, can no longer complete their life cycle. Therefore, this species is classified in the Red List of Plants in Germany as a species on the Warning List (V).

Sources and further information

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b R. M. Schuster: The Hepaticae and Anthocerotaceae of North America. Volume 6. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 1992, 937 pp.
  2. ↑ a b c L. Opinion & W. Schröder: Distribution atlas of mosses in Germany. Volume 1. Regensburg, 2007, 636 pp.
  3. ^ S. Jovet-Ast: Les Riccia de la Région méditerranéenne. In: Cryptogamie Bryologie Lichenology . Supplement 7 (3), 1986, pp. 287-431.
  4. ^ I. Holz & M. Sauer (edit.): Riccia In: M. Nebel & G. Philippi (ed.): Die Moose Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3. 2005, pp. 116-138.
  5. ↑ R. Düll: Pointer values ​​of deciduous and liverworts. In: H. Ellenberg, HE Weber, R. Düll, V. Wirth & W. Werner: Pointer values ​​of plants in Central Europe. 3rd, revised edition, 2001, pp. 175–220.
  6. ↑ M. Ahrens: The moss vegetation of the northern Lake Constance area. In: Dissertationes botanicae . Volume 190. 1992, 681 pp.
  7. ^ M. Sauer & M. Ahrens: Red List and Species Directory of Mosses in Baden-Württemberg - Status 2005. In: Naturschutzpraxis, Artenschutz 10 . State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, 2006, 142 pp.
  8. ^ G. Ludwig & M. Schnittler: Red List of Endangered Plants in Germany. In: Series of publications for vegetation science . No. 28, 1996, 744 pp.

Web links

Commons : Riccia glauca  - album with pictures, videos and audio files