Bohras

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The Bohra, also Bohra Ismaili or Musta'liten, are a group of the Shiites belonging Ismailis or seven-Shiites. Today they live mainly in India , Pakistan and - in contrast to the Nizarites (Khojas) - also in Yemen .

Daudi Bohra Musafir Khana, Jaora

history

First split

The Bohras community originated in the 12th century. After the assassination of the Fatimid caliph of Cairo al-Amir in 1130, his cousin al-Hafiz started to split the Ismailis in 1132. Most followed the caliphate of al-Hafiz ( Fatimids ), while a significantly smaller group - the later Bohras - clung to the imamate of al-Amir's son . Although he was still an infant and disappeared without a trace, the followers were not bothered by it, as it was believed that the son would continue to live in secret. Even the Dāʿī of Yemen joined the group and was accepted by the Sulaihid queen of the country, Arwa bint Ahmad ( Arabic أروى بنت أحمد, DMG Arwā bint Aḥmad ; * 1050 ; † 1138 ) supported. She herself pursued the goal of shaking off the supremacy of the Fatimids.

Second split

The Bohras separated again in 1591. This was preceded by the death of the 25th Dāʿī. A disagreement over the succession of the Dāʿī had led to the schism . Two major sects resulted from this process. This is how the Dawudi Bohras (also written Da'udi or Dawoodi ) came into being, the main branch of the Bohras on the one hand and the Sulaymani Bohras in western Yemen on the other . The center of the Dawudi Bohras is in India. From there, significant modernization efforts, such as better education for women, have become known as achievements. The important 3rd dāʿī (Syedna Hatim bin Ebrahim al Hamedi) is buried in Yemeni Hutayb , a place of pilgrimage for many Indian pilgrims. The head of the Sulaymani Bohras lives in Yemen.

Other sects were the Alyya Bohra, Mehdibagh and the Jaafari Bohra.

See also

literature

  • Heinz Halm: The Tayyibites or Bohras, in: ders., Caliphs and assassins. Egypt and the Middle East at the time of the First Crusades 1074–1171. Munich 2014. pp. 346-350.

Individual evidence

  1. Max Kasparek, Yemen: the Haraz Mountains
  2. Jonah Blank, Mullahs on the mainframe: Islam and modernity among the Daudi Bohras (English)