Boris Michailowitsch Eichenbaum

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Boris Eikhenbaum ( Russian Борис Михайлович Эйхенбаум , scientific transliteration Boris Michajlovič Eikhenbaum ; born October 4 . Jul / 16th October  1886 greg. In Voronezh ; † 24. November 1959 in Leningrad ) was a Russian literary scholar of Jewish descent and representatives of Russian formalism .

Life

Eichenbaum (also: Ejchenbaum) was the son of two doctors. In 1905 he graduated from high school and then went to St. Petersburg where he first studied at the Academy of Military Medicine and at the Free University. From 1907 to 1913 Eichenbaum then studied at the historical-philological faculty of the University of Petersburg . From 1913 he was in contact with the literary group of Akmeisten and made the acquaintance of Ossip Mandelstam and Anna Achmatowa, among others . Eichenbaum completed his studies in 1917. In the same year he founded the OPOJAS together with Wiktor Schklowski and Ossip Brik . H. "The Society for the Study of Poetic Language". Juri Tynyanow and Roman Jakobson soon joined the group that established Russian formalism .

After the Russian Revolution , Eichenbaum worked as an editor on editions of Russian classics, was a private lecturer and professor at the University of Leningrad , a teacher and researcher at the Institute for Art History, and finally an employee at the Pushkin House . In 1949 all duties were withdrawn from him because of alleged "formalism" and "cosmopolitanism". This professional ban was not lifted until 1956.

Eichenbaum's brother Vsevolod, better known by his pseudonym Volin , was a well-known Russian anarchist.

Works

In the 1920s Eichenbaum developed his theory of art in studies of the melody of the Russian verse in a monograph on Anna Achmatova and in numerous essays. He introduced the concept of “inner language”, which he describes as a mediator between the text and the subject, between language and psyche.

Von Eichenbaum published the following in German:

  • Essays on the theory and history of literature , 1965
  • My messenger of time. Fiction, Science, Criticism, Miscellaneous , Leipzig and Weimar 1987
  • The awakening of the word. Essays of the Russian Formal School (anthology with essays by all members of the formal school), Leipzig 1987

literature

  • Victor Ehrlich: Russian Formalism , 1964

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Eichenbaum, Boris Michailowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boris Michajlovič Ėjchenbaum; Эйхенбаум, Борис Михайлович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian literary scholar and representative of Russian formalism
DATE OF BIRTH October 16, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Voronezh
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 1959
Place of death Leningrad