Boris Shimeliovich

Boris Schimeliowitsch (1949)

Boris Abramowitsch Schimeliowitsch ( Russian Борис Абрамович Шимелиович ; born on December 3, 1902 in Riga ; died on August 12, 1952 in Moscow ) was an important Soviet doctor and member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAFK) .

Life

Boris Schimeliowitsch was born on December 3, 1902 as the son of a Schammes ( synagogue servant ) in Riga. At the age of seven he distributed revolutionary appeals in his father's synagogue on behalf of his older brother Julius, who was shot by White Guards in 1919 , where weapons and illegal literature were also hidden. As an autodidact, he passed an external Abitur examination.

In 1920 he joined the Bolshevik Party after five months of membership in the Bund . He was immediately assigned to work with the famine relief. Shimeliovich later studied medicine in Voronezh , became a doctor and headed the city's health department, where he made great contributions in combating the typhoid epidemic.

On March 1, 1931, he was appointed chief physician of the largest medical center in the Soviet Union, the Botkin Clinic, named after the doctor Sergei Petrovich Botkin . Over 700 doctors worked under his direction. He founded post-university medical training schools and other medical institutions. For his years of self-sacrificing activities in the health service, he has received numerous awards, including the Order of Merited Doctor of the Soviet Union .

After the German attack on the Soviet Union , Boris Schimeliowitsch became a member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee . After the end of the war, like all leading members, he was arrested on January 13, 1949. Despite severe torture, he did not allow himself to be confessed, pleaded not guilty during the trial and denounced the interrogation and torture methods.

On August 12, 1952 Boris Schimeliowitsch was shot together with other members of the JAFK in Moscow.

literature

• Arno Lustiger : Rotbuch: Stalin and the Jews. The tragic story of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee and the Soviet Jews. Structure, Berlin 1998. (2nd edition. 2002, ISBN 3-7466-8049-2 , pp. 243, 254, 268, 407)