Broad head fracture
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The Breitkopf Fraktur is in Germany at the time of the Rococo and the Enlightenment resulting Frakturschrift . It was designed by Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf around 1750 . It is less ornate than the fonts of the Baroque and is considered the most beautiful and most widely used Gothic font of its time.
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The print known as Fraktur was only of minor importance in Germany in the middle of the 18th century because it lacked “masculine strength”. Breitkopf, who had dealt with both Antiqua and Fraktur, finally tried, as it was said in 1883, "to give Fraktur a more artistic attitude".
The Fraktur created by Breitkopf goes back to the "Neudörffer-Andreä-Fraktur" after Johann Neudörffer and Hieronymus Andreä , who were Albrecht Dürer's contemporaries . Breitkopf found it while reading his work Underweysung, the measurement with the Zirckel and Richtscheyt . Almost all letters can be seen on the basis of the spring balancer of a pen inclined at 45 degrees.
“One of the best known German book printers of the eighteenth century was Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf (1719 to 1794). He obtained matrices from Baskerville from England and worked on a new antiqua and a new Gothic font. The Breitkopf fracture, like Luther's, comes from the pen balancer - you can recognize this by the pen position of 45 degrees that is retained in almost all letters - [...] Breitkopf is the font that comes closest to the general idea of a fracture. "
The Breitkopf fracture was revived and re-cast in 1899 by the Klingspor brothers from Offenbach am Main. Type foundries followed this example by offering them as in-house styles. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the Breitkopf fracture was the most widely used fracture in Germany.
literature
- Albert Kapr: Fonts. History, Anatomy and Beauty of the Latin Letters . 4th edition. PHILO Fine Arts, Dresden 2004, ISBN 3-364-00624-5 .
- Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf: News from the stamp cutting and type foundry. To explain the Enschedische script sample . Ed .: Wilhelm Hitzig, Heinrich Schwarz. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1777 ( books.google.de ).
Web links
- Broad head fracture. ABCdarium, accessed March 29, 2017 .
- Fonts: Breitkopf Fraktur. MacCampus, accessed March 29, 2017 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Carl Berendt Lorck: The writing and the illustration . In: Handbook of the history of book printing. Part 2: Awakening and New Flowering of Art 1751–1882 . JJ Weber, Leipzig 1883, OCLC 718906600 , p. 282-283 ( archive.org ).
- ↑ Sonja Steiner-Welz: From the font and the fonts . Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag eK, 2003, ISBN 978-3-937636-47-4 ( books.google.de ).