Brentano School
The Brentano School refers to some famous philosophers and psychologists who studied under Franz Brentano and who were significantly influenced by his theories. His students Alexius Meinong and Edmund Husserl (for example) expanded Brentano's original teachings and contributed to the development of psychology and epistemology.
The following philosophers and psychologists are considered Brentano students (in brackets where and when they heard from Brentano):
- Carl Stumpf (Würzburg, 1866–1870)
- Edmund Husserl (Vienna, 1884–1886)
- Alexius Meinong (Vienna, 1875–1878)
- Christian von Ehrenfels (Vienna)
- Kazimierz Twardowski (Vienna, 1885–1889)
- Anton Marty (Würzburg, 1866–1870)
- Alois Höfler (Vienna, 1853–1922)
- Benno Kerry
- Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850-1937)
- Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
- William McDougall
The Brentano students were the founders of new schools and currents:
- Stumpf was the teacher of Kurt Lewin and Aron Gurwitsch and inspired the Berlin School of Gestalt Psychology ( Max Wertheimer , Kurt Koffka , Wolfgang Köhler ).
- Husserl, who was influenced by Stumpf in addition to Brentano, founded phenomenology and thus influenced:
- Meinong founded the Graz School and influenced Stephan Witasek , Alois Höfler , Vittorio Benussi and Bertrand Russell , among others .
- Christian von Ehrenfels became known through the introduction of the term gestalt , which led to the development of gestalt psychology .
- Twardowski was the teacher of Tadeusz Kotarbiński and became the "father of Polish logic" as the founder of the Lemberg-Warsaw School ( Jan Łukasiewicz , Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz and Alfred Tarski )
- Marty and his apprentice Karl Bühler developed a detailed theory of the language that influenced Adolf Reinach (who developed a speech act theory long before John Langshaw Austin ).
Bertrand Russell , Roderick Chisholm , George Edward Moore , Gilbert Ryle and John Searle , among others , also contributed to the influence of Brentano on analytic philosophy through their studies, editions and publications.
With the works and teachings of his students, Franz Brentano's philosophy has spread throughout the world and indirectly influenced many discussions and investigations in contemporary philosophy , cognitive science and philosophy of mind .
bibliography
- The School of Franz Brentano (ed. L. Albertazzi, M. Libardi & R. Poli), Kluwer, Dordrecht 1996. ISBN 0792337662
- The Cambridge Companion to Brentano (ed. D. Jacquette), Cambridge University Press 2004. ISBN 0521007658
- Rollinger, Robin D., Husserl's Position in the School of Brentano Kluwer, Dordrecht 1999. ISBN 0-7923-5684-5
- Barry Smith Austrian Philosophy: The Legacy of Franz Brentano Open Court Publishing Company Chicago and LaSalle, Illinois 1994
- Ion Tanasescu & Victor Popescu (coord.), Gabriel Cercel & Cristian Ciocan (eds.) The School of Brentano and Husserlian Phenomenology Studia Phaenomenologica vol. III, no. 1-2 (2003), ISSN 1582-5647 , ISBN 973-50-0564-6 , 312 p.