Brukenthal Museum
The Brukenthal Museum (proper spelling Brukenthal National Museum , Rum. Muzeul Național Brukenthal ) is a group of museums in Sibiu ( German Hermannstadt ) in Transylvania ( Romania ). The museums are spread across the city. They have their own programs and series of events, but are managed together.
Origins
The founder of these museums was Samuel von Brukenthal , 1774–1787 Habsburg governor of Transylvania . From around 1754 he began to acquire the first pieces for his collections in Vienna. In 1817, according to Brukenthal's will, these were made available to the public as the property of the University of Nations , i.e. the entirety of the Transylvanian Saxons and their German-speaking, Protestant regional church .
The Brukenthal Collection is the first museum in Transylvania and is also the oldest institution of its kind in what is now Romania.
After the expropriation of the museum holdings in 1948, considerable parts of the collections were distributed to other museums in the country or are still stored there today (2011). According to an agreement between Romania and the Church from 2005, all expropriated pieces are to be returned and exhibited in museums. The process of repatriation, also from the National Museum and the National History Museum in Bucharest , continued in 2011.
Brukenthal collection
Pinakothek
The Brukenthal painting collection is located in the baroque Brukenthal Palace, built between 1778 and 1788, on the Großer Ring, the main square of Sibiu, and contains around 1200 paintings by the most important European artistic schools of the 15th to 18th centuries : works by the Flemish, German, Austrian and Italian , Spanish and French Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo. The palace itself is the most important baroque building in Transylvania.
Library
The Brukenthal library ( Biblioteca Brukenthal ) is also located in the palace and contains around 300,000 individual items (manuscripts, incunabula, rare antiquarian books, contemporary books and magazines from the end of the 18th century).
Further collections
Brukenthal also left a collection of engravings, a number of important carpets , as well as coin and mineral collections to the public .
historical Museum
The Historical Museum ( Muzeul de Istorie ) is housed in the old Sibiu Town Hall. This ensemble of buildings is the most important still preserved Gothic secular building in Transylvania. Originally the museum limited itself to the presentation of the history of Sibiu and its surroundings, today it shows exhibits from the whole of southern Transylvania.
Pharmacy Museum
The Pharmacy Museum ( Muzeul de Istorie a Farmaciei ) is housed in a historic building from 1569 on the Little Ring , which houses the oldest pharmacy in what is now Romania. In the basement of this house invented Samuel Hahnemann , the homeopathy as a new method of treatment. Some of his ampoules and papers are shown. The original Viennese- style furniture has largely been preserved. The exhibition is grouped around the structure of a classic pharmacy with two laboratories and has a homeopathic and a documentary department. It contains over 6,000 old medical instruments and devices for the manufacture of medicines. Labeled wooden jugs for storing them complete the collection. In the entrance area, a reconstructed shop with wooden counters and glass jugs conveys the atmosphere of an 18th century pharmacy.
naturehistorical Museum
The Natural History Museum ( Muzeul de Istorie Naturală ) has its beginnings in 1849, when the Transylvanian Society for Natural Sciences was founded, whose members were local and foreign persons of scientific and cultural life. The collections of this museum include over a million mineralogical-petrographic, paleontological, botanical and zoological objects.
Weapons and hunting trophies
The August von Spieß Museum of Arms and Hunting Trophies ( Muzeul de Arme și Trofee de Vânatoare ) presents the development of equipment and weapons for hunting. Traditional hunting techniques and contemporary engravings are also shown. There is also information about game and its hunting and closed seasons. The hunting trophy collection belonging to the Witting and August Spieß collections is also important. The latter was acquired in 1963 and originally comprised 1,058 copies. The stock has now grown to around 1500 copies.
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 45 ° 47 '47.4 " N , 24 ° 9' 2.2" E