Church bunker

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Church bunker in Cologne-Mülheim in summer 2013
Church bunker in Cologne-Deutz in 2011
Church bunker in Cologne-Raderberg in 2019
Church bunkers rededicated to the church in Düsseldorf-Heerdt in summer 2006

As church bunkers are Hochbunker referred, the architecturally church buildings are modeled. These bunkers were built in 1941 and 1942 as part of the Führer immediate program for the construction of air raid shelters in German cities. Church bunkers exist in Cologne and Düsseldorf .

The special shape of these bunkers was intended on the one hand to protect the structure from targeted air attacks by camouflaging it, and on the other hand to enable better architectural integration of the bunkers into the urban environment.

The three church bunkers still standing in Cologne today were designed by the architect Hans Schumacher and built in 1942:

  • Hochbunker, Helenenwallstraße 21–29 in Cologne-Deutz : flat roof, with tooth-cut decorative elements, today with pseudo-architectural painting. The property has been a listed building since July 1st, 1980.World icon
  • High bunker, Marktstrasse 6c in Cologne-Raderberg : designed with corner projections, tower lantern and two porch porches with funnel-shaped entrances. Listed as a historical monument since July 1st, 1980.World icon

These bunkers were multi-storey, the usable area was around 1,500 square meters each and offered space for up to 2,500 people seeking protection. The building regulations specified the basic rectangular shape used. The buildings were given a characteristic tower extension on the gable side , which is also used to supply oxygen to the interior through integrated ventilation openings. The bunkers have different roofs, towers and the decorative elements shown on the façade, but in addition to blind windows (often with ventilation slots) they always have a crenellated frieze below the protruding roof.

There are also three church bunkers in Düsseldorf:

  • Bunker Pastor-Klinkhammer-Platz 1, Kevelaerer Strasse 24 in Düsseldorf-Heerdt : Type designation “LS 13” Architect: Philipp Wilhelm Stang . The building consists of a cuboid structure with a barrel-shaped extension on the southeast side and was intended to be used as a parking garage after the war. The bunker was converted into a church from 1947 at the instigation of Carl Klinkhammer . Is still used today as the Church of St. Sacrament and is a listed building.World icon
  • Hochbunker Möhkersgäßchen 11 in Düsseldorf-Hamm : this bunker is to be partially demolished in 2019.World icon
  • Hochbunker Gather Weg 98 in Düsseldorf-Lierenfeld : is used today as a music bunker Gatherweg .World icon

Individual evidence

  1. Inge Marszolek , Marc Buggeln, Bunker: Kriegsort, refuge, memory space , ISBN 978-3-593-38603-4 , Campus Verlag , 2008, p 64
  2. a b Architecture of the impetus: The raised bunker in Marktstrasse 6c, Bunker of the Year 2006
  3. Heribert Rösgen, Hochbunker in Ehrenfeld: No more places of fear , July 28, 2014, Kölner Stadtanzeiger
  4. Alexander Kuffner, Zeitreisführer Köln 1933–1945: a city guide to traces of the Nazi era in Cologne that are still visible today , ISBN 978-3-938208-92-2 , Helios Verlag, 2009, p. 74
  5. Martin Kaule, Bunkerkirche Düsseldorf , in: Faszination Bunker: Stone Testimonies of European History , ISBN 978-3-86153-761-8 , Ch. Links Verlag , 2014, p. 34
  6. ^ Johanna Anders, New Churches in the Diaspora , dissertation, ISBN 978-3-86219-682-1 , University of Kassel, 2014, p. 57
  7. Dirk Neubauer, Düsseldorf Hamm: Förderverein with new board of directors - anniversary, bunker, elementary school , December 5, 2017, Report-D, internet newspaper