Bunopithecus sericus
| Bunopithecus sericus | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temporal occurrence | ||||||||||||
| Lower or Middle Pleistocene | ||||||||||||
| Locations | ||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Bunopithecus | ||||||||||||
| Matthew & Granger , 1923 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Bunopithecus sericus | ||||||||||||
| Matthew & Granger, 1923 |
Bunopithecus sericus is an extinct primate species fromthe gibbon family (Hylobatidae).
A partially preserved left half of the lower jaw of the extinct gibbon species was discovered in 1920 or 1921 by the American fossil collector and vertebrate paleontologist Walter W. Granger in the village of Yanjinggou on the territory of today's Chongqing ( Wanzhou district ).
features
In 1923, the Canadian-American vertebrate paleontologist William Diller Matthew and Granger described the new gibbon species Bunopithecus sericus with the mandibular fragment as a holotype . The lower jaw and the two remaining molars are reminiscent of those of Hylobates , but the molars M 2 and M 3 are wider and the hypoconulid, a minor cusp at the rear end of the tooth, is just as large in both teeth as the neighboring entoconid, one of the main cusps. In Hylobates the hypoconulid is small on M 2 and absent in M 3 . M 3 is narrower and smaller in Hylobates than M 2 , but wider in Bunopithecus sericus . Matthew and Granger suspected that Bunopithecus sericus example, was as large as the Hoolock Gibbon ( Hoolock hoolock ).
Taxonomy history
In 1983, Leonard A. Prouty and fellow researchers referred the white- browed gibbon , described in 1834 by the American zoologist Richard Harlan under the name Simia hoolock and now assigned to the genus Hylobates , to Bunopithecus and placed Bunopithecus and two other Gibbontaxa as subgenus of Hylobates . In 2004, Bunopithecus and the other two Gibbontaxa were raised to the genus rank again. The British-Australian Mammaloge Colin Groves and Gibbonexperte and conservationist Alan Mootnick in 2005 led the genus Hoolock one for the White brewing Gibbons so that Bunopithecus sericus alone in Bunopithecus remains and the species is therefore extinct. The independence of the genus Bunopithecus was confirmed in a detailed study published in July 2015 on the different tooth morphometry of the various gibbon genera. Bunopithecus is possibly the sister genus of Hoolock .
supporting documents
- ↑ a b Alejandra Ortiz, Varsha Pilbrow, Catalina I. Villamil, Jessica G. Korsgaard, Shara E. Bailey, Terry Harrison: The Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Affinities of Bunopithecus sericus, a Fossil Hylobatid from the Pleistocene of China. PLOS One, July, 2015, doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0131206
- ^ William D. Matthew, Walter W. Granger: New fossil mammals from the Pliocene of Szechuan, China. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 1923; 48: p. 588. PDF
- ↑ Leonard A. Prouty, Philip D. Buchanan, Dr. William S. Pollitzer, Alan R. Mootnick: Taxonomic note: Bunopithecus: A genus ‐ level taxon for the hoolock gibbon (Hylobates hoolock). American Journal of Primatology, 1983, doi: 10.1002 / ajp.1350050110
- ↑ D. Brandon-Jones, A. Eudey, Geissmann, P. Groves, J. Melnick, JC Morales, Shekelle and C.-B. Stewart: Asian Primate Classification. International Journal of Primatology, Vol. 25, No. February 1, 2004
- ↑ Alan Mootnick, Colin P. Groves (2005): A new generic name for the hoolock gibbon (Hylobatidae) . International Journal of Primatology. 26 (26): 971-976. doi: 10.1007 / s10764-005-5332-4 , PDF