Federaun castle ruins
| Federaun castle ruins | ||
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| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Villach | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 34 '12.6 " N , 13 ° 48' 43.5" E | |
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The castle ruin Federaun is located southwest of Villach on a western foothill of the Graschelitzen with steep cliffs.
location
The former Bamberg fortification is located directly above the historically important Villach - Tarvis road , which crosses the Gail below the castle rock . The fortress also has a bridge watchtower on a rock above the river, which was used to block the road and which was later expanded into a residential tower . The second tower mentioned in a document near Federaun could not be located. The castle can be reached from the east via Warmbad / Graschelitzen via a partly stony and steep path.
history
The oldest written mention of Federaun comes from the year 1311. In the middle of the 13th century Rudolf von Ras (from Rosegg in the Rosental, see also Lords of Ras ) conquered the castle and used it as a base for his robberies on the passing trade transports to and from Italy. In 1255, Bishop Heinrich von Bamberg put an end to this hustle and bustle and drove the robber baron away.
The decline of Federaun Castle is likely to have started before the 17th century.
investment
Only small remains of the main castle with the mighty Vorwerk in front of it are preserved. The main castle from the late 12th century is located on the western part of the ridge . The castle complex was later repeatedly expanded to the east. The result of these additions is an unusually large system with two large outer bailey systems. What is remarkable, however, is the beautifully bricked conical cistern in the castle courtyard. Even a vault that has not been determined in time is still in good condition. At the eastern end, the castle is secured by a deep ditch .
Masonry from the main castle
Masonry in the first outer bailey
Vault
View from the castle to the Fürnitz marshalling yard
See also
literature
- Hugo Henckel-Donnersmarck: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Leon, Klagenfurt 1964. (2 volumes)
- Franz Xaver Kohla, Gustav Adolf von Metnitz, Gotbert Moro: "Carinthian Castle Studies Part One - Carinthia's castles, mansions and fortified sites" History Association for Carinthia, Klagenfurt 1973.
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-218-00229-X .
- Georg Clam Martinic: Austrian Castle Lexicon. Castles and ruins, mansions, palaces and palaces. 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
- Michael Leischner, Alois Brandstetter: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Carinthia, Klagenfurt 2000, ISBN 3-85378-520-4 .
- Hermann Wiessner, Margareta Vyoral-Tschapka: Castles and palaces in Carinthia - Hermagor, Spittal / Drau, Villach. 2nd expanded edition. Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1986.