Busebeller
The Busebeller (also: Busabella or Busebella , Busemann ) is an East Frisian legendary figure and a terrifying figure for children . It was used to teach children something or to keep them away from dangerous places such as deep water. Parents threatened their offspring that the Busebeller would “get” them or hit them if they weren't good or if they went to forbidden places. In addition, a busebeller was often threatened to “eat up” the children.
In addition to its function as a child scare, Busebeller is also a local name for the devil and (derived from it) for a weed.
The appearance of the busebeller
The busebeller is often described as a tall, dark figure. He carries a hook with him, with which he draws naughty children to him, and a sack, in which he then takes them with him. Alternatively, the busebeller carries a rod with which he hits the children.
Cirk Heinrich Stürenburg describes the Busebeller in his East Frisian Dictionary from 1856 as a ghostly phantom, a ghostly disguised subject, bogeyman , a person to be alarming.
The East Frisian designation Bussmanns or Busemanns Förke (i.e. Busemanns Forke) for the weed three-part two-tooth goes back to the figure of the Busebeller / Busemann . Provides in this fruit, the popular belief, the Busemann for itself that its two awns provided fruit in the form of a two-pronged fork or Förke can sow itself everywhere.
Origin of name
The name is possibly a combination of the name Butz (see Butzemann ) and Beller (= bark, noisy).
Jan ten Doornkaat Koolman , however, thinks it is also possible that the part of the name Buse is identical to the part of the name Busse- used in the North Frisian Bussemann . Nicolaus Outzen assumes that this word goes back to the Viking Age and that it goes back to the ship type buses (Búza). This was originally a warship with which the Vikings rioted on the coasts and carried on kidnapping and kidnapping. The men who rowed this ship were called bus men , so that the call “The bus man is coming!” Terrified the inhabitants of the coast, but above all led to concerns about their belongings and relatives. The Vikings made all kinds of noise during their raids. This is also expressed in the verb bussen , which means to roar, whiz, storm and possibly also go back to the Viking Age. Finally, the name Busebeller passed from the ship's crews to a water goblin who does mischief in the water. Etymologically are closely related to the legendary figures of friesländischen Puk , the English Puk , the Swedish Pocker (= devil ), the Norwegian Puk or Draugr (an evil water spirit) and the Icelandic puki or Púkinn (= "little devil").
Individual evidence
- ↑ Spelling according to: Low German dictionary for East Friesland: Busebeller . Retrieved March 5, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e Society for German Language : What is a Busebeller and why are children warned about it? . Retrieved March 6, 2017.
- ↑ a b c daughter school teacher Martini: Popular East Frisian names in botany. (Manuscript of a lecture given on March 4, 1907) In: 92nd Annual Report of the Natural Research Society in Emden 1906–1907. Emden 1907. p. 25 ( archive.org ).
- ^ Cirk Heinrich Stürenburg : East Frisian Dictionary . Aurich 1857. (Reprint: Leer 1972) p. 28. Accessed March 5, 2017.
- ^ Klaus Beitl; Bernd Rieken, Michael Simon (ed.): Investigations into the mythology of the child (= Mainz contributions to cultural anthropology / folklore ). Münster 2007. ISBN 978-3-8309-1809-7 , p. 180.
- ↑ a b c d Jan ten Doornkaat Koolman: Dictionary of the East Frisian language. 3 volumes. 1879/1884. (Reprint: Wiesbaden, 1968). P. 260.
- ^ Nicolaus Outzen: Glossary of the Frisian language, especially in North Frisian dialect. (PDF) Copenhagen 1837, p. 86. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
- ↑ Otto Buurman : High German-Low German dictionary. Based on East Frisian dialect in 12 volumes. Released in 1993 by the “Oostfreeske Taal” association. Volume 12, p. 188.