C2 ship
The C2 type of cargo ship , also known as the C2 freighter , was a type of series cargo ship that was built at various shipyards in the United States during World War II . The ship type was built in 173 units from 1939 to 1945.
history
The C2 freighter constructed in 1937-38 came from the United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM). In 1937, the US agency MARCOM presented the shipyards, shipbuilding engineers and shipping companies with a basic draft. With a number of suggestions for improvement, the finished design finally represented a relatively fast and in terms of bunker consumption economical type of ship with good ship stability , which could also be used as an auxiliary ship in the event of war. The standardization of the design and the built-in components made it possible to achieve a favorable construction price, which, in particular in connection with the state aid granted to the operator, could compete with comparable designs from other shipbuilding countries. The C2 type ship was Donald McKay , which was delivered in 1939 .
The basic design had a length of almost 140 meters, a width of 19.20 meters and a side height of 12.20 meters (later C2 ships sometimes had slightly different dimensions). He had five holds with two or three decks. The largest hatch 2 was about 6.5 × 16.5 meters to accommodate bulky loads, the remaining hatches were about 6.5 × 10 meters. The loading gear consisted of fourteen light cargo booms , each with a lifting force of 5 tons, in whose loading masts the pipes for ventilating the cargo hold ran, as well as two 30 ton heavy cargo booms on hatches 3 and 4.
The majority of the C2 ships were powered by a diesel engine . There were also C2 ships with two reversible diesel engines, electromagnetic or hydraulic clutches, reduction gears and a total output of 6000 hp, which ran at a cruising speed of 15.5 knots. Steam turbine-powered ships were also built . These could reach speeds of up to 20 knots.
The superstructure arranged amidships offered better comfort on three decks compared to earlier types of ships. The nautical equipment included a gyro compass .
During the Second World War, a large number of C2 freighters was approved by the US Navy used. The C2 types were used as commercially used cargo ships until the 1970s, often converted to container ships.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ship data on Miramar (English) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Lane, Frederic Chapin: Ships for Victory: A History of Shipbuilding under the US Maritime Commission in World War II . Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 2001, ISBN 0-8018-6752-5 .
- Sawyer, LA; Mitchell, WH: From America to United States . The History of the long-range Merchant Shipbuilding Program of the United States Maritime Commission. World Ship Society, London 1981, ISBN 0-905617-12-6 (or ISBN 0-9056-1731-2 or ISBN 0-9056-1738-X ).
- Zuidhoek, Arne: Schip van de eeuw . De Liberty, Victory, C3 en alle verdere standardschepen onder nederlandse flag - WW II-standard ships flying the colors of the Netherlands. Uitgeverij de Fontein, Baarn 2001, ISBN 90-261-1743-4 .